Sniper Country Duty Roster

May 1996


From: Don Bain
Date: 9. May 96 21:33
I had a talk with someone "back East", in the Tri-State region, who described for me the distinctions between the M118 and M852 rounds. It seems that in the late '70's to early 80's, the snipers wanted to use the same round that the long range competitors were using. The appropriate evaluation center performed an examination of Sierra, Lapua, Hornady, and Speer bullets. Of course, the Sierra bullet was the 168 gr. BTHP MatchKing, Lapua submitted its 170 gr. FMJ-type bullet, and one of the other companies used a Chinese clone of the MatchKing. Of course, the Sierra came out #1. The clone was poorly constructed and ended up last. The eval. center then sent to Fort Benning blind samples of the four prospective new rounds, with some of the control group of M118.

The shooters, being shooters, took apart the blind samples and "reverse-engineered" the rounds, figuring out which was the Lapua and the M118. The MatchKing and clone had them stumped. They concluded that the eval. center sent them two sets of MatchKings to "fool" them. Accordingly, the shooters' outcome with the rounds was Sierra MatchKing, #1, and MatchKing clone, a close #2. Apparently, the shooters were convinced that the clone was the real thing and they were determined to shoot up to the capabilities of the bullet - thus making an otherwise mediocre bullet (the clone) look like the real thing. I gather that the shooters' community is very tied to the Sierra MatchKing and don't like shooting much else. (If you know one who's been around a while, ask him about the time Lapua won the contract to provide the bullet used in the M852!)

The M118 and M852 are both in use and the reason has nothing to do with the "Genveva" Convention. (See the March/April Archive, if you don't already know.) The MatchKing bullet's boat tail has a 13 degree angle. When the bullet goes trans-sonic (around 600 yards, I believe), it becomes unstable. Interestingly, Sierra has until recently (see below) refused to redesign the bullet to accomodate the Army. (Hint to the Army: Make them do it under the Defense Production Act of 1950.) The M118 173 gr. FMJ does not become unstable and is more stable past 600 yards.

The problem with the current sniper rounds is the trade-off between velocity and pressure. This came up when I asked why the military isn't using for the M24 a round with the 180 gr. BTHP MatchKing, as referenced in Mr. Parks' Memorandum on Sniper Use of Open-Tip Bullets. (Federal made some of this. If you can find it, it goes for $275/500 rounds.) He explained that after 170 - 175 gr. there is a problem with getting sufficient velocity out of the bullet without having unsafe pressures in the rifle. (In fact, Lake City apparently had a lot of problems with this trade-off in 1986. They couldn't get a good powder combination that would give them needed velocitiy at tolerable pressures.)

So what is the Army going to do? Apparently, there is a new sniper bullet program underway (nothing definite yet, though). One of the parameters, it seems, is getting a bullet which can perform more accurately that the M118 or M852 at distances over 800 meters. That could mean a revised and re-engineered 173 gr. FMJ or 168 gr. MatchKing. It could also mean something different. My guess is that given the constraints imposed by physics, it would probably be in the 165 - 175 gr. range. But hey, what do I know? As for the M118, I would say it's done well since being fielded in 1963. And the MatchKing has been around since, what, 1959?

Dave: Thanks for the archiving.

Russ: No, I don't work for the eval. center, though I'm sure you are thinking it again! 


From: Bobby Whittington <WHATACOP@AOL.COM>
Date: 9. May 96 21:51
Hey, I have just located this site, and I am looking forward to getting to know fellow snipers in both the Law enforcement and Military fields. I am a Police sniper and I am currently holding a slot as a Sniper in the National Guard 


From: Russell E. Taylor <DQBW77A@PRODIGY.COM>
Date: 10. May 96 1:10
To Dave Reed, All-around-swell-guy-and-good-archiving-friend-of-mine: THANK YOU FOR ARCHIVING!!! May you always shoot one-hole groups for the rest of your days on Earth!

To Don Bain: Oh, come on, Don... 

I agree, as shooters are extending their capabilities with better optics, better stocks, better barrels, and better triggers (yes, Don, I know about the new "Remington" electic trigger!!!), better bullets must be developed. Please drop me a line and tell me the Lapua story. 


From: Russell E. Taylor <DQBW77A@PRODIGY.COM>
Date: 10. May 96 1:58
To Cory: Thanks, I'll pick up a copy!

Follow-up to Scott's comments, April's Duty Roster (See Archives for March/April):

I admit, I often forget that young men are reading this page. From time to time, I see comments about some young lad wanting information about how to become a SEAL, a Marine sniper, a Ranger, or a sniper in the Army or for the police. I get too wrapped up in precision shooting, ballistics, and weaponry. I make jokes with Don Bain about who makes a better rifle, I suggest some good loads for accurate ammunition... and always, I think about how commanders can employ snipers more effectively to support their missions and to provide for the safety of their own troops.

All too often, I fail to mention "the other side of the coin." A man I know, a friend of mine who I used to work for, was once a sniper for "the Company" in Viet Nam... and other countries we were never really in (officially, that is). He has 63 kills to his credit. To date, he is on his fourth marriage, he pays alimony and child support out the ying-yang, and he's gotten counseling for spousal abuse. The man has a lot of problems. He's only now coming to grips with several things that have been buried deep inside him for so many years. To the young men considering military service, please listen to me. I am now assigned to a COSCOM (Corps Support Command) but, until recently, my mission in the Army Reserve has been, for about the past five years, to train new recruits in basic training... at places like FT Bliss, FT Knox (my "home"), and FT Leonard Wood. I know a lot about basic training, and the exuberance a youthful spirit has. I know that it's too easy to be "gung ho" and do stupid things... which is, thank God, why there is usually some good NCO nearby to give you "gentle reminders" about how to stay alive, what to do, and what NOT to do. When you're a sniper, however, the world is different for you, and you do not always have "fatherly advice" on hand to guide you through some very difficult decisions. A sniper's world is more different than anything you could EVER imagine in your dreams... or, your worst nightmares. A sniper's life is a tough one... it's tough at the time, and it's just as tough -- or tougher -- after he's stopped being one. Not every person is cut out to be a sniper... and for God's sake, this does NOT mean, if you don't become one, that you're a "failure." I know that of 20 or so young men reading this, only one or two will remember what I'm saying... but gentlemen, being a sniper means killing people. Period. Do you think you close your eyes after you release the shot? No, you maintain the sight picture, as you "follow up" your shot... and lots of times, you get to see the immediate results of your work. Once you've killed, you can't go back to the non-killer you were just a moment before. The change is permanent. There are lots of ramifications, and you may have SERIOUS problems later in life. You might be single now, but you won't always be... if you have problems come up in later years, don't take them out on your wife... or you won't have a wife for very long. Now, you might be "fine" with killing people. Okay. On the other hand, you might NOT be fine with it.

Even Carlos Hathcock has said that he never liked killing... but it was his job, and every "hamburger" he eliminated meant that the life of one of his brother Marines might be spared just a little bit longer. Do you understand? It was his "job," not his "life." I hope you young men who are thinking how "cool" it would be to be a sniper can understand the difference.

And, finally, I'd like to give you one or two "listeners" (out of the 20) some last advice. What you do today, in your youth, you're going to pay for tomorrow, in your old age. Physically, emotionally, and spiritually. Keep that in mind.

Thanks for bringing up the subject, Scott, it is a good one. 


From: Cal Rychwa <crychwa@bev.etn.com>
Date: 10. May 96 9:33
I'm a new high power shooter just looking to as much information as posible. There is nothing like experance to learn from. 


From: Scott Powers <powers@voicenet.com>
Date: 10. May 96 11:59
To Russell E. Taylor: Well Said. You have a gift with words that far excceds my own.

I can remember being a hot shot 18 year old with NO Boundries in view. Luckily I didn't become involved with the infantry till 26 years of age. That is not to say that military experience at an early age is not a good thing but for me personally, it was a true choice made after I had been out there working at a career for awhile. That age difference between myself and my fellow trainees gave me a much better (I hope) perspective on just what I was doing there. Its tough to be introspective at 18 when you REALLY are full of piss and viniger!

Please everyone, understand I am not saying avoid military service, it is, with the proper attitude, one of the greatest, noble and selfless things you will ever do. I just feel uncomfortable when I read some young skull full of mush stating how he wants to be a sniper just to waste people and how its so cool. Snipers are one of the most valuable assests a field commander can have. They aren't cartoon good guys raring to lay devastation upon the enemy (well, maybe a little!). They aren't mythical warriors untouchable by the commen plagues of man. What they are is extremely well trained and motivated individuals who, with the firing of one shot have the ability to denie the opposition a vital peice of equipment, leadership, a crew served weapon that no one else nearby may be able to operate.

They are not WAY COOL.

But they are bretty BAD!

To any of you who really want to go green, By all means enlist! Just remeber that a bunch of fat, useless beaurocrats will have the power to waste your life for nothing (Haiti, Sumalia) while also holding in their hands the ability to do great good. Those of us how enlisted, knew of or learned the downside of service. Must of us chose the life anyway. But that said just remember to go in with eyes wide open! Listen to your instructors cause your life will depend on what you learn! This life sure aint Home EC or wood shop. It is challangeing, fun, interesting, vital, and personally rewarding. It can also get you killed. Visit the Wall. You grow up quick just looking at it... Service is an interesting life. But it aint a game of football no matter how much some idiot like Wolf Blitzer may portray it that way.

So I failed yet again in my vow not to preach but what the hell, Most of you could just scroll past if needed!

Next time I promise to relate a pretty good yarn from beruit. No preaching alowed! FIDO! 


From: Russell E. Taylor <DQBW77A@PRODIGY.COM>
Date: 10. May 96 12:21
To Scott Powers: I have been to Washington, D.C., a number of times... and I always make time to visit "the wall" and pay my respects. However, I'll never forget my first visit -- and the impression that visit left on me. The silence, the respect... the reverence that is rendered by each of the visitors... is overwhelming. That each name on the wall is the name of a dead serviceman or servicewoman is mind-boggling. I always walk through Arlington Cemetary, and stop by the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier... I'm very big on paying my respects to those who have gone before me, especially to those who have gone in harm's way. 


From: Scott Powers <powers@voicenet.com>
Date: 10. May 96 13:08
Hear it is as promised following my last rantings.

Beriut, early 80's. A marine sniper I will call Mark made a slight error in his land nav and ended up one waddi too far out. Both he and his spotter found themselves in the unenvialbe position of having two rather irrate diaperheads pop out of the ground, shove a knife into Marks ribs and fire a round into the spotters chest. The two marines managed to dispact the locals and survive the encounter. The spotters wound could be considered a minor miricle. The round that struck him hit his sternum and shattered. It failed to penetrate anything vital (although I'm sure the spotter considered himself pretty darn vital at the time!). Mark survived to come back and hunt again. The following is as best I can recall his converstaion to me several years ago. Mark, if your out there I hope you don't mind. You told it pretty well, I hope I can do you justice! Please forgive any liscence I take to tell it properly!

After recovering from his wound the sniper was assigned an AO overlooking an area that contained an old oil drum. This was a rather large affair and made a perfect range marker. The locals would creep in at night to drain off some crude to start their cooking fires. One evening the sniper and his spotter simply couldn't resist the chance to screw with the opposition a little. A knife wound in the chest does tend to give one a bad attitude.

Our intrepid marksmen waited until the band had started to settle in around their fires and at an opportune moment, dropped a round into the drum. At the GONG the militia scattered into the surrounding darkness with much chattering and arabic profanities. Mark and his spotter quitely slit their guts laughing over the whole incident.

Figuring that things had settled down for the night the two snipers went about doing what snipers do. Observing, noting, and quietly waiting. After an undetermind amount of time, and much to the surprise of the two marines, the band of locals crept back to the tank and started their fires again. This was just too much for the young duo so after a short conversation they repeated the previous engagement. Same Results. Off into the darkness the diaperheads went.

Now at this point let me interject a comment for the politically correct amoung you: Diaperhead was the term Mark used often when refering to his targets. If you have a problem with that, tough. Try to shoot someone while thinking of them as someones elses father and you will see the need for deragatory nomenclature. But I digress!

Anyway, the evening went on as before. After a short time the cheeky little buggers crept back and started up the fires again. Desperation may drive men to act irrationally but Mark just figured they simply had wound their Diaper too tight. This time he waited until food was well under way and the smell of it wafted toward his possition. Taking very carefull aim he laid his cross hairs on a particularly sucullent hunk of lamb? and went into his breathing routine. In. out. in. Puase halfway out again. Crack! The meat exploded as the .308 slammed into it, driving wet goo all over the startled goumets.

Having broken a prime rule of sniping, Mark and his buddy almosts paid for their hubris. You just don't want to piss off 30 guys with AK style weapons! That third shot gave the bad guys just enough of an idea of the marines firing position they they turn enmasse and leg go with every rifle they had! Our two mischeivoius heroes burrowed into their fighting position as a hail of buzzing projectile snapped around their hide.

The nights "fun" was definately over.

The Range as told to me was 300 to 400 yards. Sorry all you techno freaks but can't recall the scope used. Don't know if night vision was involved or not. In respect for Mark I wont go into any more detail about him personnally but I may try to get his permission to relate a few other experiances. he is ONE HELL of a good shot. His Personnal rifle of choice now that big brother is not footing the bill is a Savage 110 Tactical something or other in .223 and I can attest to its fine accuracy. Russ T., that last line was just for you! 


From: Sealgaire <mafein@hargray>
Date: 10. May 96 13:11
To Russell, i think it was about time that someone let theese kids know what it is alll about after the war for the snipper . I was a marine for 5 yrs and served two tours in nam after that 26 years on the boston fire dept in one of the bussiest co. about 2200 runs of theese over 1000 were house fires . what i am trying to say is with what ive done i am no coward but i would not have the balls to be a snipper in the field by myself all the time might sound like a lot of fun but its not beleave me. i have never comented on the subject before and hope it does not come across wrong . thanks also Russell u mention about a praire dog shoot with a 22-250 useing vv powder what type and what load just breaking in a sav 112 var. bbl again thanks . 


From: Mike Curtis <strider@why.net>
Date: 10. May 96 16:18
This is to Cory: I'm interested in both the new Tasco scope and the Springfield Armory 2d Gen Gov't. Can you give us more details on either one? I visited the SA Web page, but didn't get much detail there. I'm especially interested in the SA - what type of reticle does it have, and is it preset ballistically for a particular .308 round? I am trying to find a dealer in the Dallas area who may have one I can check out, but no luck as yet. Any info/opinions you have will be appreciated. 


From: ?????? ??????
Date: 10. May 96 17:01
Comment to government: CARLOS HATHCOCK DESERVES THE MEDAL OF HONOR!!!! GIVE IT TO HIM!!!! 


From: Wm C Biddle <cbiddle@voyager.net>
Date: 10. May 96 17:25
Excellent Page -- White Feather would be proud. 


From: Philip Blair <peblair@ix.netcom.com>
Date: 10. May 96 19:25
Anybody, I am in the process of completing a purchase for an expensive heavy barrel sniper rifle from a custom rifle manufacture in 300 WinMag. However, the manufacturer insists that the barrel length be 22". My limited understanding was that 26" was preferable in 300 WinMag. However, the manufacturer (whom I've got great respect for else I wouldn't be spending this kind of money on their specialty product) insists that the shorter barrel is indeed optimal and the extra 4" difference is wasted metal because the 220 grain bullet has reached its optimal velocity of approx. 2650 ft/sec with constant acceleration in a total of 22". Therefore one doesn't need any further metal sticking off the end of their barrel. Rather, the bullet should be allowed to exit at that point. Has anyone ever given a 22" barrel any consideration? If so, what are your thoughts about accuracy and impact at distances? Regards, Philip 


From: Maj G Yuzichuk <CdnABRegt@aol.com>
Date: 10. May 96 19:37
First time at this site, very interesting. Agree on Somalia comment in email from Scott Powers below; was there, got my unit disbanded on political correctness and media pressure.

Snipers are often forgotten in FTXs and in overall unit capabilities in this age of high tech mech army. I suggest to field commanders to get acquainted with the snipers in their organizations and spend a day or two on their hands and knees stalking and learn about the int gathering asset they got.

Soft landings. 


From: Scott <powers@voicenet.com>
Date: 10. May 96 21:45
To Anonymous: As I explained be

, I truly did believe I was having a server problem at my end. You are welcome to think of me what you will. I made a mistake and fest up to it. At least I have the "honor and dignity" to provide my name and e-mail address so others can comment directly to me instead of hiding behind a psudonym. You may have reasons for that which I can respect. But don't judge me by one mistake. You run the risk of committing the same close mindedness you accuse me of. Look, I am not interested in getting into a war of words with you. We are all here because of a common interest in things military and presision shooting. I appologiesed and if that is not good enough, then it is your problem not mine. I contacted Dave about removing the multile messages as soon as I realized what happened. Hopefully he can purge the system. As far as my repeating what "Mark" said in his commentary, if it offended you that was not my intention but I don't believe in altering things as told to me just to avoid a possible confrontation. I know in my heart I am neither a racist or a biggot. I do not need to qualify that to you any further. My friends with in the service and with out know the truth of this. If I have any growing up left to do, it is in the area of how to react to people such as yourself who seem to enjoy blasting others.

I will happily appolgies to the rest of you again for the misshap and also if my repeating of "Mark's" words upset you. I genuinely thought his story worth telling. No insult was intended. This is a fine page about a controversial but interesting subject. Sorry for the disraction.

Anonymus...Truce?? 


From: Brian P. Cooke <bpcooke@wam.umd.edu>
Date: 10. May 96 22:34
I'm a Marine. Need I say more of my interests? 


From: charles riggs <dvccnr45@aol.com>
Date: 10. May 96 23:07
I'm former USArmy (NCO, Chaparral) and longtime shooter presently engaged in IPSC competition, and grad of Gunsite (11/91) with an interest in all sorts of shooting, most especially practical (I say again, Practical!) weapons of all sorts, and would be interested in your audience's comments about rifles and optics that are accurate, durable, and AFFORDABLE! Am seriously interested in new Armalite AR10 flattops, as well as the classic bolt-action setups. Any observations or comments or test results would be appreciated. Am far more interested in practical field accuracy than in range-tech info, and intend to translate some of this into IPSC 3-gun match use. Now using a semi-auto only M4 SOCOM 5.56mm flattop carbine clone with Bushnell's little 1.75-4X brush scope with the ring-and-crosshairs center reticle with duplex wires for GP use--don't knock it, with the stiffness of the 16" barrel in heavy contour this rig will shoot MOA at 100 yards even in my unsteady hands.....want to move up to 7.62 with the same concept in mind, using more capable optics for greater range, and am thinking of the AR10 standard flattop for the job. Look forward to anything your readers might have to offer on the subject. DVC! 


From: Lee <grandpahb@linknet.net>
Date: 11. May 96 0:40
need more time to browse your info. Looks great and I've learned a lot about accuracy/reloading. 


From: Gary Turner <gary_turner@prodigy.com>
Date: 11. May 96 7:33
To: Don Bain,

Thanks for the information on the ammo. It is very interesting. I am thinking about contacting the CMD of the DCM about getting some of the M118 173 gr. FMJ bullets. I am wondering if they are less expensive than the Sierra 168s. I want to try some in my Garand and M1A.

Gary 


From: Gary Turner <gary_turner@prodigy.com>
Date: 11. May 96 7:36
To Russ and Scott,

That was some very good advise you guys gave. Many of the young visitors needed it badly. Thank you.

Gary 


From: Scott <powers@voicenet.com>
Date: 11. May 96 7:44
Here is a question for the teqnically minded out there. The Remington 700 ADL comes with a bedding block or bump near the tip of the barrel channel. When the action is torqued into the bedding properly, this bump places pressure on the barrel. When I replaced the factory wood with an HS-Precision stock, the barrel was completey free floated. I noticed no negative change in accuracy. I had assumed the pressure point was to make up for improper bedding with the factory wood or to control barrel whip in a predictable manner. Since the change, the inherent accuracy of the weapon has not gone away. Nor has it improved noticably. Why the pressure point at all then? Answers? 


From: KEITH LESTER <longshot@ai2a.net>
Date: 11. May 96 17:43
Wellcome aboard Charles Riggs. When you said "new to high power", did you mean rifles in general or NRA high power competition? Whichever, may through many rounds, you become a rifleman and not just another man with a rifle!!! 


From: KEITH LESTER <longshot@ai2a.net>
Date: 11. May 96 18:09
Sorry Charles Riggs I had two notes written down, that message was for Cal Rychwa,but I do have a question for you re: Premier Reticle. I have an vari.X III 3.5x10 tactical that I was thinking of changing from duplex to mildot. If P.R. does this will it void Leopolds warranty or will Leopold perform this task themselves?I see a MK3 in the near future but would still like to have this feature on a 10x. Gotta go, my iguana is about to claw through the glass!!! 


From: KEITH LESTER <longshot@ai2a.net>
Date: 11. May 96 18:30
Oh GOD I screwed up again. I lied, I had 3 notes written down. that note was for Jay Williams. I am an FNG at computers and the net, just hope you guys can look at this and laugh.But Charles I do have a comment about the ar-10 that I should not address right now in the event I screw up again. You guys would really laugh if you knew how long it takes me to "hunt and peck" this out. With much humility,Keith-FNG. 


From: Russell E. Taylor <DQBW77A@PRODIGY.COM>
Date: 11. May 96 19:45
Regarding ArmaLite AR-10 rifles: I sell them. If you want the standard (AR-10A4), the price I'm selling them for is $1350.00. I've shot them, they're a dream, and a LOT more affordable than the SR-25 (sorry, Jay).

I don't think the Duty Roster is the place for lengthy advertisements, but if any of you are interested in getting an ArmaLite, or if you have SPECIFIC questions that you'd like me to answer, I'll take all your questions by E-mail.

To Gary: Thanks for the kind words. 


From: Miro Z-man <smarusic@island.net>
Date: 11. May 96 20:20
Hello from the great white north I was wondering if you guys could help me out. we have a sniper match here in b.c. every july. 2 catagories police 100-300 meters, military to 200-1000 mtrs. What would you recommend as a zero range for 1000 meter shooting with a m-24 in 7.62nato? i'm using handloads of 42gr. imr-4895,fed brass, fed match primers,sierra 168gr bthp match rds.,2630 fps. from my chrono. Any information you could provide would be greatly appreciated.

please forward any info to the above e-mail address. My buddy will relay the info to me.

Member of sniper team 12. Coast marksmen. 


From: SGT. Gimmellie <none>
Date: 11. May 96 23:53
Hello everyone i'm a Marine sniper one o the few 8541's. I'm very active in my proffesion i believe in what i do and so should everyone out there. Taking the life is no game you have to be mentally and physically tough. I have did much research and I try to gather as much information as possible. The information my be fact or fiction. But you don't know until you try it. I'm interested in hearing what people have to say but I don't have access to this net that often i'll be returning state side in a month but you will be able to find me here until then. If you want to get a good grasp on Marine Corps sniping take a look at the DEATH ROM AFAR series written by RET. COL Chandler. If you find it you will see that i am in book 4. I have not read it or seen it for myself so i don't know what is in this volume. It is waiting for me when i get home. I'll talk facts with everyone later. Semper Fi The NOMAD!!! 


From: KEITH LESTER <longshot@ai2a.net>
Date: 12. May 96 0:27
Charles Riggs, I hope I dont screw up this time. A friend of mine recently purchased an AR10 heavy barrel model which produced unsat groups 1.25" @ 100 yds. He called Armalite and relayed the story. They told him to mail it back and they would make it right! I have not talked to him in a while so I do not know the outcome of it. But as Im sure you know they bought Eagle Arms who had a good reputation for AR15,s which i just purchased a golden eagle but have not had the chance to group it yet. Good luck with your purchase Im sure you be happy with it. 


From: KEITH LESTER <longshot@ai2a.net>
Date: 12. May 96 0:41
Upon reading my last comment one might think "just some dope at the bench that couldnt shoot to the rifles capability from the bench". A little qualifications here, this guy has bought more barrels from Boots Obermier than I have fingers! I will call him and give you an up date. 


From: Gary Turner <gary_turner@prodigy.com>
Date: 12. May 96 7:40
To: Philip Blair I do not know about the internal balistics of the 300 win mag., but that rifle manufacturer must. I cannot say anything about the necessity of the 26" barrel. I do know that if the manufacturer is correct, then the additional 4" of barrel could actually be a detriment to accuracy. If, in fact a 22" barrel is long enough, you would be better off with it than 26". The longer the bullet is in the barrel, the more time there is for you to move the rifle away from the intended target. That is why the smallbore shooters are all going to shorter barrels with bloop tubes attached to the end of the barrel to extend the sight radius. Just a thought.

Gary 


From: Roger Jonsson <roger.jonssonmbox303.swipnet.se>
Date: 12. May 96 9:53
Hi There! 


From: SEALGAIRE <mafein@hargray>
Date: 12. May 96 10:15
To Russell , In a earlier letter you wrote about going on a praire dog shoot in S.D. useing your 22-250 with vv powder ? what type 140 or 135 and what load do you use and what bullet . will be going myself in two weeks and dont have time to work up a load . just bought a rem 700 hvy bbl will not get it till 3 or 4 days before we go . thanks for the help if u can . SEALGAIRE PS. SEALGAIRE = SOLDIER OR HUNTER IN GAELIC 


From: SEALGAIRE <mafein@hargray>
Date: 12. May 96 10:16
To Russell , In a earlier letter you wrote about going on a praire dog shoot in S.D. useing your 22-250 with vv powder ? what type 140 or 135 and what load do you use and what bullet . will be going myself in two weeks and dont have time to work up a load . just bought a rem 700 hvy bbl will not get it till 3 or 4 days before we go . thanks for the help if u can . SEALGAIRE PS. SEALGAIRE = SOLDIER OR HUNTER IN GAELIC 


From: Don Bain
Date: 12. May 96 13:54
Keith Lester: My understanding is that Leupold will change over the scope reticle to mil-dot and will put target nobs on your Leupold scopr: MI think this work is under $100. I don't know if Leupold will put a bullet drop compensator on your Vari-X III Tactical scope. Anybody know? Russ?

Gary Turner: Glad you liked the posting. Check out the March/April archive for more on the subject. 173 gr. bullets are $95/1000 and you must be a member of a club affiliated with DCM. Loaded ammo (M118) is available as well, but only affiliated clubs can buy it. Remember what Major Plaster says about the 173 gr. BTFMJ, the tolerances of this bullet are not as high as the 168 gr. MatchKing. My contact at the eval. ctr. confirmed this. For example, the tolerance for concentricity of the MatchKing bullet is .003, while the M118 bullet was supposed to be .007, but was relaxed because Lake City could not accomplish that high a tolerance. Further, I mentioned the new sniper bullet program. Check out the Sierra 50th Anniversary Edition Rifle Reloading Manual. Sierra refers to the 175 gr. BTHP MatchKing as the result of a cooperative effort between Sierra and the Army to develop a new bullet for the M21 and M24 systems. This might be what my contact was referring to. I doubt that is what Major Plaster refers to in "Ultimate Sniper" when he talks about the changes ongoing with the M118 bullet.

Russ Taylor: Got your e-mail. Thanks. Frankly, I was unaware of Remington's electric trigger, though I knew that precision pistol shooters have been using such triggers. A few things come to mind. Is an electric trigger a good idea for a service sniper rifle exposed to severe elements. I envision the thing shorting out or running out of power JUST when it is needed. Also, what are the ramifications of an electric trigger for a semi-auto weapon? Instead of machine tools and metal fabrication, the guy wanting to illegally convert his semi-auto to full-auto (in violation of federal law - 6 yrs. in the "can" with Ben Dover and his equally heinous friends and a $50,000 fine) would go to Radio Shack?!? Oh yeah, ATF is going to let this out on the market. Finally, I would think that with an electric or electronic trigger, the shooter would not know when the round was going to discharge. This seems contrary to the requirements of the sniper, knowing exactly when and at what target the bullet was going.

Don 


From: Matt Hillebrand <hillebrand@midplains.net>
Date: 12. May 96 22:24
Hi, In my days of reading hunting/war publications on the www, this is the best that I have ever read. Actually I'm only 15, but I consider my self a master woods man. My friends and I like to play war games, and they are amazed that I can sprint through the woods, with out being seen or heard. They also find it amazing that I can sneak up on someone in fall, when there are hard cruncy leaves on the ground. I think that you guys should start a newsletter if you haven't all ready. You should also have one on the www. gotta go. 


From: Don Bain
Date: 12. May 96 22:25
Seth, I presume then that you fancy yourself as Dante, or maybe Virgil? Perhaps I've overestimated you. You probably haven't graduated from comic books. 


From: Ray Foley <rfoley@conc.tdsnet.com>
Date: 12. May 96 23:07
KEITH LESTER: I saw your post asking about Premiere Reticle. I purchased my MkIV from them and I love it dearly. IObviously, it had the reticle installed by Premiere. I checked with Leupold, and Premiere is an approved service3r of Leupold scopes. (That's gotta be hard rating to achieive!). Anyway, I thought I'd ket you know something. Premiere uses the 3/4 Min Mil-Dot reticle. They install all the reticles for the USMC, and many Fed agencies. It is exactly like the ones in the Unertl scopes and the newer Leupolds that are supposedly rteplacing the Unertl's these days. Leupold also makes a MIL-DOT scope, but it uses a different dot spacing or something. I'm not sure what the difference is, but I believe I read it in the "Death From Afar" series. Published miltary range tables coincide with the Premiere reticle and NOT the Leupold. I believe that the MIL-DOT specs given by Maj Plaster in "The Ultimate Sniper" are based upon a Leupold MIL-DOT instead of the Premiere. Soooooo, I would suggest buying only from Premiere. They provide a lifetime warranty on all their scopes/custom work. I think they will install a MIL-DOT reticle for around $100 or so. They will only work on Leupold scopes, so don't bother asking about other brands (I asked them myself). The guy to talk to is Chris Thomas. HE KNOWS HIS STUFF!!!! This is the only business they do, so they've gotta be good. I don't know if all this made sense orm not, but if you've got any questions about it or would like to hear any of my experiences with my MkIV, drop me a line. Hope I was some help,

Ray OSOK 


From: Jay Williams <williamsjp@psns.navy.mil>
Date: 13. May 96 13:000
Scott: Don't worry about your multiple postings. We've all done it (and we all felt REALLY stupid, AND they stay, Dave doesn't seem to mind so much as to remove them). And, as far as "anonymous" goes, you were VERY gracious to him. Wouldn't bother me if he never posted here again.

Keith: Looks like you already got several answers to your question. Let me add a few thoughts. Apparently, PR does very quick work. One day, my friend hasn't quite decided what scope he wants. Next day (not literally) he calls me and says "Guess what I just got in the mail?" Additionally, how can there be two different mil-dot systems? The distance subtended by two dots either IS a milliradian (approx. 36" @ 1000 yards) or ISN'T. I'd be interested in more details regarding what Ray read. Maybe he (the writer) was talking about different size dots (like I posted a week or two ago).

Jay 


From: Classified(call me Neil) <huey73@aol.com>
Date: 13. May 96 14:08
I am not neccesarily a sniper wanna-be. I can't even enlist, because I have a severe hearing loss since birth. So, the reason I shoot precision reloads, is I am a full-time deer hunter, because i have nothing else going for me. I am an Autocad draftsman at an engineering firm, so I have an idea of what precision means. I do a little gunsmithing and custom work on old or used rifles i buy from pawn shops at bargain prices and I use them on hunts for very elusive choice deer. You can call me a deer sniper, but I am very selective and picky about the way I hunt, and what I hunt. I have no reason to kill people, because that is God's job. So, I am only using advanced sniping techniques and stalking skills I have learned from Native American friends to hunt these intelligent and highly revered Monarchs of the Forest. 


From: Russell E. Taylor <DQBW77A@PRODIGY.COM>
Date: 13. May 96 14:30
To All: Well, friends... I go on active duty this week. I will be "out of the loop" from 15 May 96 to 3 Jun 96. Though I won't be much more than an hour or so from where I live (this is the closest tour of duty I've ever pulled in 14 years of service), it is highly unlikely that I will be able to access either my E-mail or the Duty Roster during this timeframe. If you have any questions for me, please hold them until after I return.

Thank you for your patience and understanding. 


From: Marius Ferreira <mferreira@pixie.co.za>
Date: 13. May 96 14:55
Dave, maybe it is a good idea to put in an editorial knife, and remove the duplicate/triplicate/"hell who's counting" rantings of Russell and Scott - don't these guys get taught to press only once? They seem to think their mouse's keys are semi-auto triggers - have to press as fast as you can to get as much in as possible. Scott, you trying to break some kind of record? "Most postings before being banished into the absolute void of nothingness of life without Sniper County?"

Serious guys, down here in the furthest south of dark, savage Africa, my darn Netscape even times out on loading this 93K roster. Scott, I look forward to more tall tales - only read the first one yet ( seen it about ten times scrolling down though ), the rest, if any exist yet, is still trying to get loaded. Marius 


From: Cory Wilson <wilsonc@doacs.state.fl.us>
Date: 13. May 96 15:31
TO: Russell Taylor...You always have excellent info. I enjoy reading your posts. Did you notice that the new 110FP's come already equiped with a floated barrel and pillar bedding?? My new .300 Winmag 110fp has it...but I paid to have it done last year on the .308 model. wwhhhaaaa!!! (sorry, I'll stop whinning).

To whoever asked about the Springfield gov'mnt II Gen Scope...It's wonderful!!! Yes, it is calibrated for the .308 168gr. match bullet. The scope has normal duplex cross hairs, but then it has ranging brackets that run downward on the verticle wire of the cross hair. you bracket a target of a "known" size and then hold there and fire. My explanation is a little simplistic...there's a little more to it than that the instructions are a little clearer. The 2nd gen. also has windage and elevation knobs and a cool bubble level. Use the tilt harris bipod...You will be a happy Camper!!!

To "anonymous" If you are so proud of yourself, where is your e-mail address?? The gentleman telling the story was doing just that...telling a story that someone told him...namely the gentleman that lived through the experience...and in doing so he is bound as a story teller to reproduce the story faithfully...Did you ever read "Tom Sawyer" or Huck Finn?? In the uncorrected version, the word "nigger" is used. while I find that word distasteful and would not use it myself. You cannot change a piece of literature to suit everyone. And according to the liberal socialist rules of engagement "YOU" have to respect the story tellers different culture and way of seeing the world in the same exact way you expect him to respect yours...and by the way...calling some one a "RACIST" (sp??) is the same as calling him any other derogatory racial or sexist slur...according to your own Liberal Socialist rules....my own dear conservative Mother taught me that two wrongs never make anything right....

Dave Reed: Sorry I got on my Soap box...I promise I will not do it again on the Duty Roster. 


From: Cory Wilson <wilsonc@doacs.state.fl.us>
Date: 13. May 96 15:47
TO: Scott Powers...Excellent story!! Thanks for Sharing that with us. If He tells any more, please relay them to us in all of their gory detail. 


From: Ray Foley <rfoley@conc.tdsnet.com>
Date: 13. May 96 22:57
Jay Williams: Uuuuuuuhhhhhhh, I believe you're right about the different dot size in the Mil-Dot reticle, there Jay. After reading what you had written, it all came back to me. The difference between the Leupold Mil-Dot and the Premiere reticle is the dot size. I haven't checked into it any more than that, because I bought the Premiere and didn't give much thought to it after that. I did check in "Death From Afar" two, and Chandler states that the tables lsited in "The Ultimate Sniper" are incorrect for a regulation 3/4 Mil-Dot reticle. I must have missed your posts on this subject from a while back. I've slept since then, and I'm beginning to think that I have no static RAM in this old CPU of mine. Thanks for helping me not give bogus info to people.

See ya, Ray OSOK 


From: Charles <SFsnipe (aol)>
Date: 15. May 96 1:02
Great page. Glad to find a few friends that have been there. I have just rotated back to the world and I need to know if there is life after the Marine Corps. Semper Fi!!!!! 


From: Bruce Dally <brusica@bbrcompany.com>
Date: 15. May 96 1:34
I am seventeen I would like to be a U.S.M.C. Sniper. I would like to obtain some information about this profession. I have wanted to do this since I was fifteen i don't know why. Maybe you could write back.

Thanks Bruce 


From: Roy Harrison <harrisro.mcmurdo@mcmurdo.gov>
Date: 15. May 96 2:02
To Scott: I look forward to more stories about "Mark". Multi-postings seem fairly common and I have done it myself.

To Anonymous: You were neither polite nor courteous.Where is the honor and dignity in "Anonymous". I belive most of us reading a site of this nature can handle derogatory words such as diaperhead, hamburger, idiot or racist. However,the way these words are used can be much more offensive than the word itself.

To Philip Blair: I remember reading that the .300 win mag does better with longer barrels and slower burning powder.I belive I read this in one of the Wildcat reference books but I'm not sure.If I find this info again I'll let you know.I own a Remington 700 .300 wm with a 26" barrel. Whether a 22" barrel would be better, I can't say. 


From: Pierre DELORME <aj2u43@bat710.univ-lyon1.fr>
Date: 15. May 96 2:32
I would like to buy a another rifle with a another caliber. I shoot Crows with my 6.5*57 KRICO with 3-12*56 SWAROSKHY scope But in France we've several rules about arms and what you can do with it. That's why i would like to buy a caliber with "little sound". I ever hear 22-250. It is a very great caliber but his sound is to much important. Is 6mm PPC got the same problem ? You must know in France than you can shoot more 500m for a good security. Thanks... Pierre DELORME 0__- [] / | | D.V.C. way of life \ \/ /_ 


From: Mike Rutsch <Jimr@primenet.com>
Date: 15. May 96 13:41
I've just completed four years in the 82nd Airborne as a scout and sniper. I'm glad to see this page on the web and I look forward to using it to keep up with whats going on in the sniping comunity. 


From: M.Gustafsson <----------------->
Date: 15. May 96 14:35
This is a superb site. keep up the good work.

1 shoot 1 kill! 


From: Marius Ferreira <mferreira@pixie.co.za>
Date: 15. May 96 15:21
This page is long, I just loaded it again, first time after I posted a snotty one on 13 May 1996. I got as far as 12 further entries, the last, partial one, from M Gustafsson - how many more existed I will see later, most probably only next week. I do not know what I must do to get this Netscape not to stop before loading everything. But I digress: Russell/Scott, I apologise for MY rantings, calling your multiple postings rantings. Russell, you have plenty to share with all of us, please continue doing so. Scott, I would like to see more accounts of events like that ( only one at a time please ) - to hell with guys like ANONYMOUS. When most people talk rubbish like that here, including myself, it is at least with full identity - but well, on a splendid, albeit of unusual content, site like this, you will get cranks. These are just to be swept away as one would a pesty fly.

I must say, I have seen rifles and calibres mentioned here that I never knew existed, and definately are not available in South Africa. I am still trying to figure out what is being discussed most of the time - hell, might as well be reading Greek.

Greeting from sunny South Africa ( Dark Africa now - 22H26 ) Marius 


From: Jay Williams <williamsjp@psns.navy.mil>
Date: 15. May 96 15:35
Philip: I've read the same thing as Roy...26" barrel is best for a .300 Win. Mag. I'm no expert reloader, but some guys on this page are. They might have some personal experience regarding this question.

Jay 


From: Marius Ferreira <mferreira@pixie.co.za>
Date: 15. May 96 15:47
I posted one, and actually succeeded in loading the whole page again, and saw that I lost the last sentence and about half of the previous one of the last posting on my previous attempt - so I will put another posting:

I do not think I have yet seen the name of the Barnes-X bullets on this forum, nor the Woodleigh bullets, to name just some. Does this mean that these are not accurate at distance, or merely that they are hunting bullets and not sniping/target bullets? Will going for headshots make a difference in bullet selection from making body shots? Talking hunting now. For example, will it be feasible to use the Matchking bullets for hunting when going for the head? What is the sentiment about monolithic-hollow-point ammunition such as the Barnes-X bullet? ( Haven't used them yet ) Apart from it being longer that normal jacketed ammo, does it cause other difficulties?

I have a lot of respect for the art of sniping - haven't done it myself, and hope I never have to. I don't have anything against it, having been in our bush wars on the ( then ) South West Africa and Angola border. Enough of that though.

Will see next week what brings to this page.

Tot siens ( "Good bye" in Afrikaans ) 


From: seth <stap7062@badger.snow.edu>
Date: 15. May 96 16:26
I would like any info. on specific loads of the 300 winchester magnum. Especially those for long range target acuracy. not necessarily special purpose rounds.

Thanks,

Seth 


From: William B. Snyder <wilb@inetone.com>
Date: 15. May 96 16:52
I am the director of Savannah Lane Shooting Association in southern West Virginia, near Lewisburg. We are offering: Tactical Rifle 27 JUL, General Purpose Rifle 10 AUG and 19 NOV. Our Three Gun Match is 24 AUG. We recently offered a Precision Rifle course and can offer the following: The Springfield Gov't. optic performed well; the muzzle brake on the Accuracy International AW is capable of causing a concussion, the rifle is fine, but is too heavy and is difficult to use with a shoooting sling. Please send Email with your regular mail address for course descriptions, schedules, and any questions. 


From: Scott Powers <powers2voicenet.com>
Date: 15. May 96 19:27
Jay Williams: Thanks for the kind words. I am and internet novice and felt quite bad about messing up this page. Your comment was very appreciated. As far as "anonymous" goes I don't get his logic. To call someone a hamburger is dehumanizing in the extreme. All of the various types of "nomenclature" applied to the "enemy" over the years whether based on attire or physical appearence seams to stem from one thing; to make the job easier for the troop in question. To kill is not a normal activity and every one called to do it has to deal with it in their own way. I would never condemn Mr. Hathcock for his choice of words when applied to a target, nor would I blast "Mark". I was not in their shoes. Mark was forced into a situation where, for political reasons, you couldn't even have a loaded weapon for self protection. Then to add insult to injury he had to endure the cowardly bombing of the marine barracks with great loss of life. That he resorted to calling his targets something other then "poor misguided souls" is no surprise. What surprises me is that someone reading this page wouldn't inherently understand that.

To SEALGAIRE: For what its worth, here is my pet load for my 26" Remington 700 VS in 22-250. Understand that this works I my rifle only and that it took several weeks to narrow it down. Yours may throw shots all over the county with the same load. I use 50gr. Nosler ballistic tips. I find them to have very cood consistency in construction, weight, etc. You may be better served by the 55gr. round or even heavier. Anyway: 50gr. Nosler ballistic tip. 33.8 grs of IMR 4895. Recorded velocity of 3450 average. This seems slow to me for the caliber but it groups consistently at .345 to .475 depending on me. I will be working up a load with IMR 4064 just for the heck of it and will let you know how it turns out. VV Oy sounds awsome but I have not tried it yet.

To: Russell T: Good luck and good shooting. Sometimes I actually miss it! Even hot nasty Honduras.

To Marius: Yes I admitt it. I have won the ignominuious "most posting award". Hopefully this will not be an anual compition!

To Cory W: Nice Soap box! I loved it. I will try to get "Mark" to loosen up on an incident between himself and a gentleman with a Dragonov. Not much of a fight actually. The idoit was strolling out in the open with it slung on his back. Not particularly intelligent. After having an opportunitity to examine the weapon up close Mark had some pretty derrogatory things to say about it. Good accuracy for what it was but not even close to our standards. Anyone considering buying one of the current crop of imports for anything other then novelty might reconsider.

To Marius: Using a Matchking on the likes of Eland, Cape Buffolo or any game for that matter would NOT be your first choice! The question is valid tho as many people see Hollow Point in the name HPBT and assume it is a hunting round. Refer to earlier commentaries on the 168 HPBT by Mr. Blain or Russ T. for details. But let me tell it would be akin to driving a high velocity Pencil into your game. No usefull expansion. Yes it may kill it, but not Necessarily that day. The Barns-X, Swift A-frame, Nosler partition bullets all are much better suited and humane on game animals. They expand to around .70 calibers while retaining most of their weight due to their compartmentalized design. Stick to premium hunting loads and you can't go wrong. The BIG solids you blokes use kill by brute force as opposed to expansion. The 168HBPT is not in the same league. A friend from Kenya just took a Cape Buff using a .300 win mag but the shot was well placed in the heart lung area at close range (50 meters). Try that with a head shot and 50/50 will get you flattened! Of course, one of africa's more prolific hunters used to down elephant with a .375 HH for his entire carrier. So obviously well constructed bullets of smaller caliber and kick can do the job. Welcome ashore! 


From: Mike Arnos <gbarnos@bright.net>
Date: 15. May 96 19:30
Great sight! I am a 16-year old teen interested in going in sniper warfare after school. Some one told me that my near sightiness would disqualify me for such a group. I would be grateful for any information on this 


From: SEALGAIRE <mafein@hargray>
Date: 15. May 96 21:47
To Scott : thanks for the info. I allready have tried the imr 4064 in both my 22-250 and 220 swift for the 22-250 w/ a nos bt bullet 43.2 gr with a vel. of 3583 and shoots in the low .300 range but someone i think it was russ said he used vv powder . Was wondering what type annd what load. but again thanks as i am a reloading fool when it comes to working up a load . I buty just about every powder i can get my hands on , and then to the range i go . and dont worry about dbl. posting i have and i know a lot of us have done it before and will do it again . 


From: Scott <powers@voicenet.com>
Date: 15. May 96 23:16
to SEALGAIRE:The VV 5th edition reloading guide is not too useful but shows: 35.3gr of n140 for the hornaday 60 sp.You may know that already. They really don't give alot of data so I guess we are all pretty much true epxerimenters with this powder! I don't use any of the projectiles listed, which are few, so if anyone else is out there with the dope help us out! 


From: Marius Ferreira <mferreira@pixie.co.za>
Date: 16. May 96 14:42
It is with a heavy heart that I sit here tonight typing this. Today, at the hands of a lunatic, armed with I know not yet what type of handgun, I lost a dear friend. He was in the wrong place at the wrong time. This lunatic came to their company looking for the guy who didn't give hime the contract on a tender job, didn't find him, walked into my friend and shot him. He also got four others, of whom I do not know anything about their current situations. One of the four others might even be himself as well - details are sketchy 700 km away. Hannes was also a hunter, although not a marksman, just a yearly biltong hunter. One thing I know for sure, he would not want this sort of thing to be ripped up in the press again as all the more reason to have guns totally banned from society - he would rather have it used to weed out scum like this, before they weed others along with themselves.

Dave, I'm sorry, I know this is not what this place is all about, but I just needed to get this off my chest - thanks for the opportunity, and for providing a place like this where like-minded people will understand the turmoil in one's heart.

Marius 


From: Komet
Date: 16. May 96 15:07
hey, cool page, it is well done. Did u progam it yourself? if so nice job! Semper Fi! -Komet 


From: LEGION <geo99rge@map.com>
Date: 16. May 96 15:09
The story hit the papers last week that some genius of a bureaucrat in the Massachusetts Department of Public Safety decided to catch up on ten years of backed up filing by shipping all the records on license applications and gun transfers to BATF in Washington for computerization!

I was under the impression that Congress had specifically forbidden BATF from keeping this kind of information on law abiding citizens. Am I right or wrong and if I'm right what can be done about this egregious violation of privacy?

Anybody else from Massachusetts out there infuriated by this outrage?

And by the way, the Democrats in Boston are real close to getting their semi-auto ban. 


From: Marius Ferreira <mferreira@pixie.co.za>
Date: 16. May 96 15:16
To Scott Powers: thanks for the info, I think I forgot to mention I currently have a 30-06, and will be shooting from Springbuck to Gemsbok ( Oryx ) with it. I will definately not take on a buffalo with a 168 gr no-matter-what-bullet. If you go for headshot with that, you are definately running a much higher than 50/50 chance to get flattened! Yes, there were some of them doing crazy things like shooting elephant with .375's - here you might be referring to John 'Pondoro' Taylor, who was a professional ivory hunter. On the other hand, unless you can get a GOOD brain shot, a .375 might really be a bit light. Here you really need something to knock the elephant unconsious by just entering the head in the brain's vicinity, like a .470 or something. One of the less fortunate ones was Torro do Vale, who, although being an experienced elephant hunter, got trampled by a charging elephant he tried to face with a .318 Westley Richards in his hands - bad misjudgement.

Getting back to the premium hunting bullets - no sacrifice of accuracy?

Tot siens

Marius 


From: SR25 IP
Date: 16. May 96 16:33
Would appreciate seeing some comments from SR25 owners. Info on any good/bad points, things to look for when inspecting one for purchase, factory loads compatible w/the weapon, misc experiences etc. 


From: John Main
Date: 16. May 96 19:57
Can you give some info on semi auto to full auto trigger conversion details on rifles and trigger systems ie Australian Automatic Arms (AAA) SAR .223.

Regards

Good page 


From: Don Bain
Date: 16. May 96 23:45
My two cents' worth:

I wasn't going to comment on all this, but I was "TDY'ed" for a few days this week and as a result of the travel, I finished Clancy's latest Op-Center novel. The theme was neo-nazi racism. When I got back I felt I should provide a somewhat contrary view to the majority expressed here.

I must agree with those who have castigated "Anonymous" for his blasting of Scott's multiple postings. IT DOES HAPPEN to everyone who posts a long article on this page at least once. Sometimes more than that.

I don't think that Scott meant anything derogatory by use of "diaperhead" or his defense of using that term, and so I think "Anonymous" was overboard in his castigation on that point as well. However, I do not agree with those who think that it is O.K. to dehumanize one's enemy by use of racially derogatory terms, nor do I think such language, when used in earnest, has a place on this page. It seems to me, as an American, that what makes this country unique among all that are, have been, or ever will be, is that anyone is accepted in this country, regardless of creed or origin. Even though, as Americans, we may have the right to speak ill of others based upon their race, religion, or ethnicity, we don't because we're above that. And in very few limited situations, may we legally discriminate on the basis of race or religion. Nor, generally speaking, do we tolerate such behavior. Indeed, the "religious nuts with guns" who founded this country (as P.J. O'Rourke has called them) recognized this and put in place the First Amendment to our Constitution. That Constitution wasn't perfect and after the Civil War, the country added the Thirteenth through Fifteenth Amendments to further protect and recognize that all persons are created equal. In support of our strongly held beliefs, we have even sent our soldiers to fight and die against governments who implicitly or explicitly discriminated against segments of their society, as well as those of their neighbors.

Where am I going with this? First, while Americans have the right to think and speak as they wish, I believe that real Americans don't tolerate intolerance and they certainly don't participate in intolerance. That's not being liberal or socialist, that's adhering to the vision this country's founding fathers had of their new nation. (In point of fact, is the liberals and the socialists who disobey these fundamental principals when they seek to enforce quotas, etc.)

Second, this page is read by more than adult Americans and military and law enforcement types interested in precision shooting, it is read by teenagers and interested net surfers around the world. Regarding younger readers, Scott and Russ have spoken out on the perils of a glamorized view of war and sniping and they are right. Younger readers must not read this page and think "these guys are having fun talking about killing people from long distances, ergo, it must be fun to do so." Scott and Russ, I think you have brought home the point that this line of work is not "fun" and killing people is not "fun", though sometimes it is very necessary. In a broader sense, the point I believe you were making was that one must be careful not to give younger readers a false impression of reality which they may want to emulate. I say the point is correct, and furthermore, it applies to how we view and treat our opponents, and by extension, their countrymen. Hathcock used the word "hamburger" for his opponents/targets because to him they were meat, dead meat. They were less than human, but not in a way that would suggest their countrymen were also "subhuman" and by implication also deserving of death. Nor did he ever treat unarmed civilians as "hamburgers" and shoot them. Of course, dehumanization is necessary in combat - taking another's life is never easy - but doing so by making derogatory references to the opponent's race or religion isn't. When such references are used, they often make clear that the combatant's reason for wanting to kill his opponent isn't due to political disagreement (acceptable under the laws of war), but due to dislike of that opponent's race or religion (most definitely not acceptable under international law). The Nazis and Japanese did that, Saddam did that (just ask the Kurds and Sunnis) and the Serbs in the former Yugoslavia have been doing that (killing Bosnians for no other reason than they are followers of Islam). Americans don't do this and shouldn't do this, nor should there ever be any implicit support for the view that it is O.K. to dehumanize somebody becase of race or religion and it REALLY isn't O.K. to kill somebody because of those reasons. Younger readers need to know that as well. As for the impact of foreign readers of this page, such language reinforces negative stereotypes held by others around the world about Americans. Also, it is disrespectful to those who are of the group that has been slurred. I don't know about you, but I don't like being abroad and hearing Americans called derogatory names. Foreigners who read this page probably don't like it either.

One final point, and I'll get off my soapbox. Scott brings up a good point when he talks about the stupidity of the ROE ("Rules of Engagement") which existed in Beirut, severly limiting the military's ability to protect itself. But Scott, you seem to say that because the political leadership hamstrung those soldiers, and then because some coward blew up the Marine barracks, killing so many of them, that it is O.K. for solders to use racial dehumanization? (Forgive me, Scott, but this sounds like situational ethics to me.) I can fully understand a soldier's feelings in that context, but I do not agree with them. To that soldier, my response is simple: My Lai. The ROE in Viet Nam, and even the whole mission, were illogical and harmful to the soldiers' effectiveness and their well-being. Coupled with a dislike along racial lines (and not just political disagreement) of the VC and NVA, there were soldiers who viewed vietnamese, any vietnamese, as subhuman and not worthy of life. (Having friends killed by "civilians didn't help.) As a result a lot of noncombatants were killed. I'm sure that a whole bunch of the victims at that massacre had aided and abetted the VC or NVA, but they weren't engaged in combat or wearing the opposition's uniform, and so they should not have been killed. They were killed because of what they were, vietnamese, and that is never the right reason to kill someone. Doubtless, the seed from which this massacre grew was the dehumanization on racial grounds of the enemy. Of course, the enemy looked exactly like the friendlies. . . As Americans, whether civilians or soldiers, we must adhere to certain standards no matter what others around us do (including our opponents). We don't change our conduct, even if the opposition is evil, depraved, and beyond redemption. If we do, how do we distinguish ourselves from them? Only by degree. That's not what we or this country are about.

Enough of that. I actually am looking forward to more of Mark's experiences and maybe some of yours in Honduras.

Don 


From: Brian Ashe
Date: 17. May 96 0:45
To: Designers- Great page, glad I found it. To: All posters EXCEPT anonymous--great entries, tons and tons of useful and interesting info. Keep it coming. To: Scott-I'm having the opposite of your problem: I've tried to send stuff but it hasn't shown. Hope this eventually takes. To: Marius-Peace. 


From: Matt Shuster <mshuster@dfsc.dla.mil>
Date: 17. May 96 8:05
To Marius: Sorry to hear about the loss of your friend. Your friends on this page share your grief. Keep the faith. 


From: Jay Williams <williamsjp@psns.navy.mil>
Date: 17. May 96 12:21
Don: Just a few thoughts I had while reading your posting. I'm not a racist. I've had black friends in the past. I currently have Japanese, Chinese, and Thai friends. However, I can't help but think that it must be extrememly difficult for a soldier (never having been in the military, I don't know) to avoid beginning to hate a people against which he is fighting. Maybe Dave could comment on this as well.

Jay 


From: Scott <powers@voicenet.com>
Date: 17. May 96 15:48
To Don: You make some exellent points. First tho let me appologies to all of you who expect good shooting oriented stuff on this page. I never meant to cause this much distraction relating Mark,s experiance. But I am glad in a way that I have. Too often outsiders assume hunters, military, arms collectors and just plain gun folk have no conciense. All the responses since my mega posting have proved to me beyond a doubt, and hopefully, to the casual surfer, that as a group, riflemen/gun owners are responsible, thinking human beings with respect for others. Our hobby/passion may not meet the modern norm but as a whole I would like to think we represent a cross section of society as normal as any other. The commentaries I read here are seldom immature or biggoted. Don, your comments are well recieved from this end. Mark felt no anomosity toward the local non-coms. I don't think he would have refered to the populous the way he refered to his opponents/targets. He may or may not harbor discriminating views, I really have no idea. But none of us, regardless of race can claim piety here. We all, at times, experience negative thought toward others. Be they different or just like us. I do know M was not refering to his targets by race. There are plenty of race oriented slurs for middle easterners but I never heard M use one. I really do think his comment was a not so subconcious way to find humour or relief for the situation he was in. That is a normal altho not always nice way to handle things. I do appreciate your comments greatly.

To Marius: I am greatly saddened to hear about your friend. There is an unfortunate abundance of evil on this earth. No law, good intention or political verbage will ever change that - but it is terrible when it strike close to home. You have my condolences.

As far as Acceptable Accuracy is conserned...You must first define accuracy. In a hunting load, 1.5 inches for big game is more then acceptable. The kill zone in most game (varmints excluded) is much large by five to eight times. Even our beautiful whitetail deer has a circular lung area of about 8-10 inches. So accuracy in this case could be defined as any consistant group that will assure a strike within an 8 inch area at 100 yards/meter on a stationary target. Any premium factory load in a reasonably good rifle will certainly do that. Anything better is just icing on the cake. That said, it IS far better to see tighter groups for they impart confidence, which really does help accuracy. They also allow for small errors due to wind or bad form. I have dropped deer dead at long range KNOWING my shot was dead ON only to find it had struck 3 inches left of my point of aim. Tight groups give you that margine.

I have no desire to drop an elephant but forced to I wouldn't want anything less then a .416 rigby or better yet a .416 remington mag. Even then I would not be comfortable (call me a woose!). J. Taylor, while a great hunter, was NUTS! But for the plains game you mention, I am sure the premium factory loads now coming out will more then do the job. For great reading on the subject try to find anything by Craig Boddington. He has had good experiance traveling to your continent and is quite a hunter. His knowledge and advice on caliber and marksmanship are very sound. I will get you the titles if need be. 


From: scott <powers@voicenet.com>
Date: 17. May 96 17:43
This is not a tale about a "real" sniper. It is based on an experience I had in Honduras in 1991. I would wager that many of you out there with military experience could relate a similar tale! Our unit, the 1/115th was on a joint training mission with the 15th Bn, a Honduran infantry battalion. These people are literally grabbed from their homes and inducted into service. That said, we were surprised to see the stamina and gusto they put into everything they did. Small of stature but very determined. We spent the first couple days acclimating to the 110+ degree weather and were continually amazed by our compatriots ability totally ignore the heat. We were given the typical warnings about the Shining Path, and were equipped with half a combat load for any unsavory incidents. We were armed with 90 rounds in a mag pouch, taped closed to avoid accidents and given a stern warning to let the Locals take care of any live fire necessities unless it was unavoidable. Yeah, Right...

We were always paired with a local troop for guard duty while in camp. This made for some interesting times as few of us spoke either language. One morning around 1:45 A.M. while my partner and I were trying very quietly to interpret the phrase for "you want to trade?", a very faint sound carried to our LP. The look in my friends eyes didn't not fill me with confidence. Our position was not very well concealed and we were pretty sure any one could have scoped it out during the day. A sand bagged pit served as the main obstacle to unwelcome guests attempting to visit the camp. We quietly laid in wait, eyes cresting the top of the bags, straining to see movement. Tension mounting as time dragged on. I began to believe that who ever was out there was very good. They moved very slowly, usually when a slight breeze rose up, as if trying to hide their sound. This went on for perhaps and hour, leading me to believe that we were possibly dealing with a trained sniper. He obviously had hunting experience at the least. "La municion!" (ammunition) whispered the Honduran.

By that time I had carefully removed the tape and loaded the weapon. I was pretty convinced that several men were trying to low crawl past the LP and take up a position just outside the camp. They were so close now we could hear individual scraping sounds as they snaked along the ground. The night was dark and the surrounding area had very tall grass. Not the best place for visibility. Our camp was situated in a valley between two ridge lines, exposed. Tall grass and fern like foliage abounded. Briefly I cursed the gent who picked this piece of real estate to call home. Ahead, the grass began to part.

Sighting over the tops of our rifles, we both exhaled simultaneously as a figure began to emerge before us. My friend called out a challenge in Spanish. "MMMOOOOooohh" floated quietly back. We gagged like silly children as the form took shape into the biggest damn buffalo I have ever seen! I bit my lip trying to suppress an explosive laugh. Lost. Said the heck with it and busted up like a four year old. Didn't realize just how tense we were. Things got worse as the stinking beast, obviously tame, shuffled over to our position and stood guard with us till the end of our shift!

Our Relief had it worse. The beast had wandered off just before I turned in. Apparently it came back later and crashed through the wire! Mayhem broke loose with the guards as they thought a small force had just infiltrated the camp! The racket this buffalo made was unbelievable! A true wonder was that no shots were fired!

The Shining Path or Nicaraguans couldn't have trained a better troop! This was one STEALTHY cow...

If you guys liked that one let me know. I don't want to bore anyone with non-tech stuff but I do have one or two more interesting (hopefully) shorts to share. 


From: Don Bain
Date: 17. May 96 19:39
Scott: I take it the bovine "saboteur" didn't leave any land "mines" that had to be avoided. I assume as well he didn't survive the assault and was cooked up for dinner?

MatchKing Update: I came across some more materials on the military's decision to use the MatchKing as a sniper round. It seems the Army started using the 168 gr. MatchKing in competition at the Camp Perry matches in August of 1980. It was not until just before Desert Storm though that the bullet was found lawful for use in combat. In 1993, the Army prepared a memorandum to the Naval Surface Warfare Center, stating that that the various sized MatchKing bullets were also lawful. The particular caliber/bullet combination in which the Navy seemed to be interested was the .300 Win. Mag with the 190 gr. MatchKing (now who could be interested in such a combination at the Navy?). Finally, the Wound Ballistics Review (the journal of the International Would Ballistics Association), Vol. 2, No. 2, has some interesting articles on the MatchKing. Empirical evidence indicates that the MatchKing is not a great round for law enforcement sniping under 200 yds. The bullet does not expand (perpetrators have actually survived after being hit!) and the bullets often travel a ways past the target. I'll have more on this later.

By the way, I think the article log is broken. 


From: Edward Card <edcard@intercall.com>
Date: 17. May 96 21:19
I am a police officer in New Jersey and assigned to the tatical team as team leader and sniper. Justed wanted to say this is a GRRREAT site. Thanks. 


From: SEALGAIRE <mafein@hargray>
Date: 18. May 96 8:59
To: Marius sorry to hear of your loss. a true friend , is sure hard to find . but after reading some of the letters addressed to you i theink you now have found a few more . god bless 


From: Scott C. <Wrsthluv@aol.com>
Date: 18. May 96 22:11
Dave: I love your website. Lots of great info and you seem to know your stuff. I've had some trouble with the Sniper Interactive game. Could not access the options that I needed. "Not on Server" message given. Have you any problems? Any suggestions? Keep up the good work. Semper Fi. 


From: Craig Stull <cstull@usa.net>
Date: 20. May 96 19:38
primary interest is 50 cal shooting. 


From: Craig Stull <cstull@usa.net>
Date: 20. May 96 19:54
Oops! Now I see how the page works...

I'm getting my Barrett (early fathers day gift to my self) on Wednesday.

I guess I better buy some .50 BMG ammo. Anybody know some places where the prices are "reasonable"?

Craig 


From: Don Bain
Date: 20. May 96 20:33
Craig: Outstanding. I would suggest a subscription to Shotgun News (they have a page on the net). A lot of dealers selling ammo generally, and 50 cal. in particular, advertise there. Consider the quality of the ammo you buy; concentricity of some rounds is very poor, as is their uniformity. See Senich's book, "The Complete Book of U.S. Sniping" or Major Plaster's "Ultimate Sniper" for discusions on quality problems with some 50 cal. ammo. I do seem to recall that PMC makes some good quality, affordable rounds. Jay Williams probably will have some information for you. 


From: Darkman <Darkman@Vance.net>
Date: 20. May 96 23:000
Does anyone have any official information on the use of liquid graphit! I was informed that several shooters cleaned there barrels with it (leaving small amounts in the barrel, and then fired a shot! Each time the shot was fired the graphit (being a metal) ipregnated the inner surface of the barrel! Filling in slight flaws, and improved accuracy! Does anyone have anything to add to this info? 


From: Roy Harrison <harrisro.mcmurdo@mcmurdo.gov>
Date: 21. May 96 1:31
To Darkman: I don't know about graphite but moly-lube(molybdenum disulfide) is being used to coat bullets.From everthing I have read about this treatment it seems a very good way to go.It reduces friction,reduces pressure,increases velocity,reduces copper fouling,helps in shot to shot consistency,increases barrel life. I am very anxious to try this treatment myself.I understand Moly-lube does absorb into the suface of the metal making it "slicker" on a molecular level. I know of no down side to this other than being a bit messy.I see where one company sells bullets treated with Moly and coated with Carnuba wax so the Moly stays put.I too,would like to know if anyone has tried this and if you coated the bullets yourself,or bought them this way. I plan on putting some bullets in a rock tumbler with Moly powder and see what happens.

I am also interested in the BlackStar barrel treatment and if it is all it is clained to be. 


From: Gary Turner <gary_turner@prodigy.com>
Date: 21. May 96 4:44
To: Roy Harrison

I have tried moly coated bullets in my Savage 112 .223 Remington. Berger Bullets, the custom match bullet maker, sells bullets coated with moly and carnuba wax. They use the patented NECO process. The bullets are $2 more than the regular bullets in all sizes up to 150 gr. .308. All sizes larger than that are $4 more than the regular bullets. Their phone number is (602) 842-4001.

I have used their coated 55 and 60 gr. .224 bullets. The reduction of copper fouling and the ease of cleaning is marvelous. I can regularly shoot less than .5 MOA with these bullets. The best group I have shot with them was .226 MOA.

I have a very strong opinion about copper fouling. If I had my choice, all my rifles would have stainless steel barrels. With properly broken it stainless barrels, copper fouling is very minimal. That being said, I think that the Blackstar Barrel Accurizing process would be beneficial to chromoly barrels. They do not smooth out as well whem they have been properly broken in. I have had to Fire lap a chromoly barrel to make it stop getting severly copper fouled. Neither the Blackstar process or fire lapping are necessary with stainless steel barrels. This has been my experience and is my opinion. Others may have had other experiences and have other opinions.

GAry 


From: Jay Williams <williamsjp@psns.navy.mil>
Date: 21. May 96 11:37
Craig: Are you getting the bolt-gun or the Light Fifty? Sounds fun! A good friend (and ex-USMC Scout/Sniper) has stock-piled a few hundred rounds of the PMC (in .50 BMG). He is just finishing his gun (he just got his scope on the gun) so he will be doing some more rigorous shooting than he has before with the gun (it's kind of a waste of ammo with a cheap scope). He bought the PMC stuff at a local retail store. I imagine there's a local gun shop near you with decent prices. My friend also has some Hornady 750 grain match bullets. They are BEAUTIFUL!!! He hasn't done any reloading for this gun yet, but I'll keep you posted on his results with the PMC and other loads.

His gun is an L.A.R. Grizzly. 36" barrel, bull pup design. AR-15 style grip and safety. It's a really short gun with a really long barrel. Pretty neat combo for a .50. He just received a Leupold Mk IV M1 (target knobs) from Premier Reticle. He had them bump the power up to 20X and install a mil-dot reticle with 1/4 mil mil-dots as opposed to the standard 3/4 mil mil-dots. It's hard to hit somebody (oops! a man-sized silouette, I mean), or a car, or whatever, at 1500 meters when he's covered by a big, black dot!!! The cross-hairs are accordingly thinner.

Keep us posted on ALL the details of your experiences with the Barrett.

Darkman/Roy: Read the March/April roster (do some searches) to get more info on Blackstar. There is some personal experience on the roster.

Jay 


From: Anonymous
Date: 21. May 96 16:23
INFO. FOR ANYONE WANTING A BOLT .50B.M.G. STATE ARMS MAKES 4 MODLES OF RIFLES. PRICES ARE GOOD AND WORKMANSHIP IS OUTSTANDING. E-MAIL FOR ADDRESS . I BOUGHT THERE SWAT MODLE WITH 36" BULL BARREL WITH LAM. WOOD STOCK AND THE LARGEST BIPOD IVE EVER SAW. COST $2,300 RETAIL ITS ALWAYS NICE TO CALL UP THE DUTY ROSTER, JIM 


From: Jay Williams <williamsjp@psns.navy.mil>
Date: 21. May 96 18:16
Craig: FYI, Ken @ Combative Concepts has hit a 55 gallon drum at 1500 meters with a Barrett bolt gun. Pretty cool!

I've heard that the Light Fifty (10-shot semi-auto) isn't all that accurate.

Interestingly, Knight's Mfg. is coming out with a gun called the Stoner .50, designed, of course, by Eugene Stoner. If it shoots anything like the SR-25, I'll be wanting one. It kind of looks like a giant SR-25. Don't know how long the barrel is, though. That 36" barrel is very appealing on a big gun like that.

Jay 


From: SAGI <acog@msn.com>
Date: 21. May 96 21:45
Cool page. I was wondering if we could get more sniper stuff on here. I am a civilian who loves the art of sniping, however, I personally am not that good. 


From: Sagi <acog@msn.com>
Date: 21. May 96 21:58
Cool page. I was wondering if we could get more sniper stuff on here. I am a civilian who loves the art of sniping, however, I personally am not that good. I just scorled down this page, and I too am thinking about becoming a marine sniper and I appreciate all the info all of you experienced snipers gave. The good and the bad. One day I'll be one hell of a sniper. "ONE SHOT, ONE KILL". 


From: Don Bain
Date: 21. May 96 22:26
As I write this, CBS is running "Ruby Ridge," which does for the massacre there what "Blood Sport" did for Whitewater - it trivializes the scandal, leaves out the important crimes, and ultimately, and makes the criminals seem not so bad. Furthermore, the protrayal of weapons and their handling by the FBI was sloppy. The shooters are given their ROE (shoot any male with a gun) and Horiuchi has his M24 lying on the briefing table before him, pointing at the speaker!?! (By the way, I thought that the SRT carried M40A1s.)

Jay: Isn't the SR50 based on the WWII German MG42? I thought also that the magazine sticks out the side, and not out the bottom? Anyway, it looks pretty cool. I understand it is going to be priced competitively with the Barrett, though it still will be pretty steep. 


From: Don Bain
Date: 21. May 96 22:51
Jay: I just scrolled through the Roster to see if I had missed anything when I saw your response to my screed. I had somehow missed it previously and I felt bad that I hadn't replied sooner.

You make a good point. If it's my life or his, day in and day out, I am really not going to like that guy very much. I might even hate him! I only wanted to make the points that we who post here frequently must consider the possible implications of our comments with regard to those different from us, just as we must consider the implications of our disscussions concerning sniping (whether its "cool" to kill somebody, etc.) and that as Americans (especially those who are the thin blue and green lines for the rest of us), we must put aside our frailties and weaknesses and strive to meet a higher standard when facing our enemies. In war, you must kill, but you don't do so needlessly, indiscriminately, or with the intent to cause greater suffering than necessary. Furthermore, you do so only to protect and defend freedom and liberty - not becuase we're "us" and they're "them." Sorry, I'll stop. Anyway, I enjoyed your posting, albeit somewhat late.

Don 


From: Pierre DELORME <aj2u43@bat710.univ-lyon1.fr>
Date: 22. May 96 2:31
To Scott Powers Which cartrigde length with a free bore barrel? Nota My caliber is 6.5*57 Pierre DVC way of life. 


From: JIM ERICKSON <CODY@CDSNET.NET>
Date: 22. May 96 11:10
I SENT INFRO. ON STATE ARMS 50.B. M.G. BUT FORGOT TO GIVE E-MAIL ADDRESS JIM ERICKSON 


From: Jay Williams <williamsjp@psns.navy.mil>
Date: 22. May 96 12:19
Don,

Sounds like you know more about the Stoner .50 than I do. But then, I don't know too much about it. Just saw a brief clip in "Weapons for Law Enforcement," I think. There should be a review coming up.

I guess what I meant regarding its resembling the SR-25 was just that it's black and real mean looking! (You're right about the side-mounted clip.)

Also, thanks for responding to my previous posting.

Jay 


From: Marius Ferreira <mferreira@pixie.co.za>
Date: 22. May 96 15:25
To all, thanks for the nice messages.

To Scott, for me accuracy is being able to head-shoot a stationary Springbuck, ( smallest game ), at 300 metres - every time a clean kill.

If my ammo can do that, I'm happy.

Now another question for all the reloaders: What is opinions on neck-sizing? What is the effect on accuracy ( as outlined above ), and on the case-life? And if good, what dies? Set or variable?

I've heard varying reports both ways.

Marius 


From: SEALGAIRE <mafein@hargray>
Date: 22. May 96 20:22
Marcus, the main reason for neck sizeing is to move the case as little as possible . when you full lth. size a case you move the case a lot. one way of stopping this prob. is to have a tight neck chamber made . BUT before u do talk to someone who has as there is a lot of work turning the cases. reading has just come out with a new neck sizeing die ITS GREAT LOVE IT use it on three of my custom wild cat rifles. 


From: Scott <powers@voicenet.com>
Date: 22. May 96 20:51
To Marious: What Caliber/Cartridge combo are you using? Is reloading legal in SA? My friend from Kenya tells me that it is verbotten in many African nations. I have succesfully used 165gr. Sierra Gamekings for my .308 win. (7.62x51). I can't seem to get the group size below .850". Four shots usually go into .5 or there abouts but I always seem to get a stubborn shot busting the cluster. Probably just me! .850" will probably do what you ask but tighter is always better! I am pushing a max load (47.2gr win 748) so there is probably room for improvement if I slowed things down. I use Federal 210M primers and Fed brass. I also have to seat the projectile out kinda far - 2.80" OAL. Head shots are challenging at that range, hope you have a quality scope. What type of Rifle are you using?

I neck size most of my loads but there is a lot to be said for full length resizing a hunting load. The most obvious reason is easy chambering. I have noticed a definate increase in life cycle for the neck sized loads. 


From: Don Bain
Date: 22. May 96 23:47
Marius: What are the gun laws in South Africa. I remember hearing that the National Party government had banned certain types of assault weapons to keep them out of the hands of the ANC, but I don't recall the specifics. Now that there is a new government, with various white opposition groups and Zulus presumably still fighting the ANC, what is the state of gun laws in the R.S.A.? Full-auto? Semi-auto? Magazine ban? What gives?

Moreover, what about Zimbabwe if you know? A good friend goes there (from the States) every other year and he has invited us to join him. Given that the white minority is much smaller in the former Rhodesia than it is in the R.S.A., and given too that the new regime seems more socialist/communist than the ANC-led government, civil and economic liberties are most definitely on the wane in that country. Accordingly, I have been hesitant to sign on to this year's trip. (I should note, generally, when I travel, I prefer to "pack.") What are your thoughts?

Jay: I read the same magazine. My mistake, the article states that the SR-50 is based upon the FG42 (Feld Gewehr?), not MG42. It DOES look really cool.

Don 


From: Roy Harrison <harrisro.mcmurdo@mcmurdo.gov>
Date: 23. May 96 2:16
I have always been interested in the .50BMG round.Can anyone describe what its like to touch one off from a shoulder held rifle? A couple boxes of .300 win mag with a 10lb rig is about all I care to shoot in one afternoon.How many .50s would you want to shoot before packing up and hitting the hot tub? Roy 


From: Bob Gardner <bgardner@p05.dasd.honeywell.com>
Date: 23. May 96 11:29
To Gary Turner :

Know of any mfgr. making cartridges using moly-coated bullets? 


From: Jay Williams <williamsjp@psns.navy.mil>
Date: 23. May 96 11:59
Roy,

I've heard that military folks who shoot the .50 BMG are limited to 20 shots a day, because, if you shoot more than that, the retinas on your eyeballs will be loosened (or something to that effect - also, it took a few seconds for me to think of the word "retina" - I kept thinking "reticle" - HA!). It wouldn't surprise me if this is actually true. I shot my friend's Grizzly and it sure rattled my brain!! It didn't kick super hard, but what a concussion!!! We were under a covered shooting area, though.

Jay 


From: Jay Williams <williamsjp@psns.navy.mil>
Date: 23. May 96 12:07
A few questions I've had bouncing around in my head regarding the use of hollowpoints in wartime:

1) If the idea is to be humane, I would think that the hollowpoint bullet would be PREFERABLE. The non-hollowpoint would put the bad guy out of commission more slowly. Don't the "authorities" have it backwards???

2) I never have understood the idea of "law" during wartime. As Rush Limbaugh (whether or not you like him) says, the purpose of war is to "kill people and break things." A way to put it that sounds good to me is that, if I'm in a battle, "I'm gonna kick ass, and I'll do it any way and every way I can." I'm not saying I'm a great fighter, becuase I'm not. I'm just saying that, when somebody's at war, who cares about a laws? The idea is to kill, obliterate, and otherwise destroy, the enemy. I would want to be packin' some big, bad, guns loaded with the biggest, baddest, loads I could fit in the magazine!!!

Please enlighten me, someone.

Jay 


From: Zac Bristow <KillRdNx@aol.com>
Date: 23. May 96 13:05
I just wanted to say that this is the best site on the web that is about sniping, that I've seen so far. 


From: Don Bain
Date: 23. May 96 13:55
Jay: I can answer these questions, but to do so without taking up a lot of space, I need to think through the answer. Plus, I wanted to consult some reference materials.

I will state that in a world in which combatants use cluster bombs and land mines, laws prohibiting unecessary suffering seem (but not necessarily are) stupid. Also, it seems that only major combatants, and then just the West, abide by the niceties of the laws of war. "Liberation" movements and outlaw regimes don't. Finally, I would note that a while back, if I recall correctly, the military conducted tests at Aberdeen Proving Grounds to see what the effect of various small arms (from .22 cal. to 20 mm) were from a standpoint of damage and suffering. Not unsurprisingly, the military couldn't find much in the way "humaneness." (When I remember where I saw this, I will excerpt the document). It brings to mind another issue, why is assassination illegal? Isn't killing Hitler before he invades Poland (Sudentenland, Austria, Rheinland, etc.) better than having a World War. In the Gulf War, there was a spec. ops. guy who had Hussein in his cross-hairs (M24, I believe), but didn't shoot. Arguably, Hussein was a legitimate military target. More abstractly stated, doesn't killing one man make more sense and cause less suffering than killing 100,000 and damaging or destroying a lot of property and personal possessions? By the way, there is an Army legal opinion on this which I could post but it's pretty long.

Just some preliminary thoughts.

Don

Oh yeah, next to Remington, LIMBAUGH RULES! 


From: Marius Ferreira <mferreira@pixie.co.za>
Date: 23. May 96 14:39
To Scott: my whole outfit currently is local stuff. The rifle is a 30-06 Musgrave, 610mm barrell, with a Model K98 Mauser bolt-action and walnut wood stock. It has a round capacity of 5 - 1 in chamber and 4 in magazine, and weighs approximately 3.6 kg. The ammunition I use is again local - powder from Somchem, makes all South African powders, imports is too expensive with our useless rand. The bullet I currently use is a 180gr soft-point, again local - PMP ( Pretoria Metal Pressings ), with PMP casings, and CCI 200 primers. I am currently breaking myself in - currently about 2"-3" 5 shot groups at 100 metres - stilla long way to go. My reloading kit is from Hornady. I still need to get a chronograph, to spec my loads - will in the meantime get to a range that has got one. Once I shoot tighter, I will spec new loads using Woodleigh/Nossler/Barnes-X, and local Stewart/GS bullets. In tests this local GS outperform Barnes-X as far as penetration and weight retention go, while still mushrooming perfectly.

Marius 


From: Marius Ferreira <mferreira@pixie.co.za>
Date: 23. May 96 14:55
To Don: Auto's are still a definite NO-NO in private name, although farmers have been provided with the previous Army weapon, the 7.62 R1 full automatic/rifle, which is a nice shooter, because of all the attacks on them. But these stay in the Commando's name, and will most probably have to be returned one of these days. Semi-auto's are the same, unless you live in border regions where we still have cross-border raids and the like - there you can get something like a Ruger mini-14 for yourself - elsewhere it is out of the question. In .22 and shotgun you can get semi-auto though. Magazines are allowed as fitted on the rifle. But with our new constitution, and all the moves currently afoot, as in the USA, it might be getting more and more difficult to own a personal firearm - there's a lot of idiots who think you can have a peaceful society by banning guns - then only the baddies will have guns - so this is really a bone of contention currently.

Something I find interesting though, is your CCW. Even though we have tighter gun-control than you, we don't need a CCW. If you have a handgun, you can carry it on you - no sweat. Obviously places like banks don't want you walking in there packing, so they provide lock-up facilities while you're inside.

As far as Zim is concerned, I will find out. Yes, it is sort of going backwards there from what we can figure out, but tourism is still their mayor income, so I don't see a problem. I will try and find out, though, and get back to you. If you do come - you'll LOVE it, Africa is beautiful - nothing beats hearing a lion roar at night out in the bush, or the crazy laughs of a hyena - did you see the animation movie "The Lion King"? Whoopi Goldberg did the hyenas justice with her laugh.

Marius 


From: MADDOG
Date: 23. May 96 17:36
I HOPE I AM NOT OUT OF PLACE HERE, I AM NOT A GOV. HIRED GUN THAT GOES AROUND THE WORLD DISPOSING OF HUMAN GARBAGE THAT NEED TO BE RE- LIEVED OF LIFE. I DO HOWEVER ENJOY THE ABILITY TO HIT LITTLE TARGETS AT LONG DISTANCES. I HAVE A REM VSSF. 308 THAT SHOOTS 1/2 M.O.A., BUT I CANNOT ALWAYS MAKE IT TO REDLANDS TO WRING IT OUT. SO I FOUND SOMETHING ALMOST AS FUN. I BUILT A CUSTOM RUGER 1022 WITH HEAVY FLUTED MATCH BARREL, COMPOSITE STOCK FROM HOGUE,TITANIUM TRIGGER,FIRING PIN,AND BOLT HANDLE, FROM POWER CUSTOM,AND TRICK HAMMER FROM VOLQUARTSEN. I TOPPED OFF MY PROJECT WITH A LEUPOLD 3X9 SCOPE. THIS GUN SHOOTS GREAT 10 ROUNDS INTO 3/4" AT 100 YRDS. THE SQUIRRELS THAT USED TO SEE ME COMING WAY BEFORE I WAS IN RANGE WITH MY OLD REM 22. ARE DECLINING RAPIDLY. I HAVE MANY GUNS IN MY BATTERY BUT I CANT REMEMBER BEING SO EXCITED ABOUT A GUN, WELL MAYBE I WAS AS EXCITED TO GET MY CUSTOM 1911 BUT THIS IS A 22 RIMFIRE. ALL YOU SNIPER TYPES OUT THERE SHOULD BUILD ONE FOR YOURSELF MAKES FOR GREAT PRACTICE WHEN YOU ARE AWAY FROM A RANGE. PLUS THERES NOTHIN LIKE HEAD SHOOTING A SQUIRREL 100 YRDS AWAY TO BRING A SMILE TO YOUR FACE, AND HELL YOU CAN ALWAYS PRETEND THAT FAT ASS SQUIRREL IS SADDAM INSANE AND YOU SURROUNDED BY CAMEL JOCKEY'S WITH AK47'S RIGHT.................................. 


From: Jay Williams <williamsjp@psns.navy.mil>
Date: 23. May 96 18:48
MADDOG: I really enjoyed your post (head shot on a squirel @ 100 yds!!!), but the ALL CAPS are pretty ugly. Just thought you might be interested.

Marius: What's a 610mm barrel? Boy! I thought a 155mm Howitzer was a big gun!!! 610mm, though! I hope you have a sling!!!

I think it's Vermont (one of the states in the North East corner of our wonderful Republic) which has no CCW at all. Anybody can carry a gun (I suppose you've got to be 18 or 21 or whatever, though).

Additionally, there are places in this country where you can (must?) carry OPENLY. No concealment.

One last thing. We can carry guns into banks.

OK. One more thing. In this country, we shouldn't have to have permits to carry at all. According to our Constitution, it's a right. In fact, one of our founding fathers, Thomas Jefferson, said it was our DUTY to be, at all times, armed. Cool, huh!?

I don't know how much you know about the laws in our country and though you might find these tidbits interesting.

Jay 


From: Anonymous <outcast@philly.infi.net>
Date: 23. May 96 19:24
interesting site:

not much time to read now but added to my bookmarks. 


From: Scott C. <Wrsthluv@aol.com>
Date: 23. May 96 20:03
Don B:

In regards to your info about the Spec Ops guy that had Saddam Hussein in his cross hairs. True story. The rest of the story is that he followed orders to radio in such sightings before taking action. When he did, he was ordered not to shoot because it was not politically expedient. Hardly makes sense to me.

SC 


From: shiva <gunner@bak2.lightspeed.net>
Date: 24. May 96 5:13
Reguarding the message from Russell E. Taylor 

AMEN! 1971-1973 Southeast asian wargames, 73 confirmed Those were best years from 71-86. From 1974 to 1986 was a nightmare for me. Fortunatly I stayed alive and sane, and didnt kill anyone whom didnt need it. However my 3 wives and 4 children went through hell. Busting caps is fun. Zapping folks was fun. Living with yourself and your nightmares is a bitch. There is no macho crap in killing. Its only a job, and must remain that way. If you want to prove yourself, go climb a mountain, or run a marathon. The only satisfaction in sniping is doing your job well, running a clean mission, completing your mission objective fully, and getting you and your help home. Period. Hitting a target at a gazillion yards is cool, but you can do that in Montana in a praire dog colony. And you will sleep much better than most of us who have been in the shit. 


From: Tor Fleime <tor.fleime@aftenposten.no>
Date: 24. May 96 7:30
To: Bob Gardner

Norma makes ammo with molycoated bullets:

.308:

168gr.hpbt(Sierra), Vel=770 mps.

190gr.hpbt(Sierra), Vel=780 mps.

6.5X55:

130gr.hpbt(Norma VLD), Vel=800 mps.

130gr.hpbt(Norma VLD), Vel=850 mps.

6mm BR

107gr.hpbt(Berger or Sierra? VLD), Vel=2500 fps.

Norma claims 50% increased barrellife 


From: Bob Gardner <Bgardner@p05.dasd.honeywell.com>
Date: 24. May 96 11:33
To Tor :

Thanks for the info on Norma. I'll go look for some. Interesting address, tho. Where is '.NO'? Norway?

Anyone monitoring from Australia? Wondered what the latest is on the attempted gun ban? 


From: JIM ERICKSON <CODY@CDSNET.NET>
Date: 24. May 96 11:56
TO: CRAIG, TRY A COMPANY CALL PARAGON FOR 50CAL. AMMO. THERE LISTED IN SHOT GUN NEWS. THUNDERBIRD CARTRIDGE COMPANY,INC. IN PHOENIX,ARIX. SELLS MATCH AMMO. THE PRICE $212/C THIS AMMO SETS THE STANDARD BY WHICH ALL OTHERS ARE JUDGED. WHEN YOU GET INTO LOADING YOU CAN CUT THE COST TO ABOUT $1.40 A ROUND.E-MAIL ME, I HAVE LOTS OF LOADING DATA. MY RIFLE DIDNT SHOOT PMC UNDER 3" AT 200YRS. TO:ROY THE 50.CAL PUSHES YOU ,WERE AS A .300WIN KICKES.SHOOTING FROM A BENCH IS HARDER ON YOU THAN PRONE. THE POWER IS TRANFSERED OVER THE INTIRE BODY.FOR THE BEST GROUPS, USE "FREE RECOIL" . WORKS OK FOR SIGHTING IN, BUT NOT FOR FIELD USE. TO:MR. TAYLOR THANK YOU FOR THE REPLY,GOOD LUCK CAMPING OUT.JIM 


From: Jay Williams <williamsjp@psns.navy.mil>
Date: 24. May 96 13:57
Jim,

You mentioned getting 3" groups @ 200 yards with the PMC in .50 BMG. Well, the .50 cal. bullet doesen't even stabilize until it gets out several hundred yards past that!! Your groups very well might tighten up (relatively speaking) if you shot for groups at 500, 600, 700, or 1000 yards. You get the idea. I'm not saying PMC's .50 cal. ammo is great. I'm just saying your test was invalid.

Jay 


From: JIM ERICKSON <CODY@CDSNET.NET>
Date: 24. May 96 18:22
TO: JAY THANKS FOR THE INFO. I FORGOT ABOUT THE LONGER RANGES . WILL TEST P.M.C. OUT TO 1200 AND SEE WHAT HAPPENS.WHEN I SHOT THE P.M.C., ALSO SHOT SOME RELOADS AT 200YRS, 1 RAGGED HOLE. MOST OF MY LONG RANGE SHOOTING HAS BE DONE WITH THE 300WIN. JIM, SO.OREGON 


From: Roy Harrison <harrisro.mcmurdo@mcmurdo>
Date: 25. May 96 0:59
State of Florida CCW does not allow you to enter Banks or Federal Buildings.

I think not allowing assasinations (such as Saddam) is due to professional curtesy,or quid pro quo.The leaders get together(remember rules of war) and decide to let the grunts take all the risks.

A 610 mm barrel is about 24 inches. Please forgive me for getting away from the main subject of this page but has anyone heard if the big raid on smuggled AK-47s were actually full auto weapons,or is this another raid like the one on the warehouse of supposedly "illegal" ammo that was quietly given back after it made all the headlines?

I agree with the idea of a long range .22 rifle to practice your shooting skills. I use a Rem 541THB and am building a full size Rem.Rolling Block in .22 to practice Black Powder Cartridge silhouette shooting. 


From: Marius Ferreira <mferreira@pixie.co.za>
Date: 25. May 96 3:07
To Shiva: WELL SAID!

To Jay: As you say, the 155mm Howitzer is a big gun - I'd hate to try and shoulder arms with a 17 ( metric ) tonne self-propelled G5 155mm Gun/Howitzer like we used in the army. I shot it though, one hell of a kick, especially shooting base-bleed HE up to distances of around 46km.

I was actually speaking of the length of the barrel, but of course you knew that - I'd hate to see a 30-06 in 610mm calibre.

Another thing - no, all I know about your laws is basically what one sees on the TV - news, shows and the like.

A slight correction on my last posting though - semi-autos are SLIGHTLY mnore easily obtainable , but you better have a real good excuse for wanting one.

Another question to all of you reloaders - I see a lot of you are seriously looking for Federal brass. Why is that? Is it merely a question of lasting longer, or does the brass itself play a role in the accuracy? I'm still a baby in this sport.

Marius 


From: Eric Sharrock <Cnay15a@prodigy.com>
Date: 25. May 96 8:35
Does anyone have any experience with the new tasco 10x 42mm Sniper Scope? They run about $450.00 wholesale for one And I would like a few opinions on them before I buy one for my Remington 700PSS rifle in .308 Thanks, Eric Sharrock 


From: John R. Ferguson <JFergu8740>
Date: 25. May 96 10:24
Own Precision & Tactical Arms, specialize in ROBAR sniper rifles (out of Phoenix, AZ) and U.S. Optics Scopes. (Scopes designed for specific Military Sniper use for last 15 yrs. - R&D $$$ from military, far superior to the "hunting" scope designs of Leupold, Zeiss, Swarovski, etc.) 


From: John R. Ferguson <JFergu8740>
Date: 25. May 96 11:57
U.S.Optics makes what it looks like a lot of you are looking for in a Military Sniper Scope. The design started as a Military concept, not a hunting scope concept. U.S. Optics currently produces a "Mil-Scale" reticle, one combining full ranging capacity with a BDC of stated caliber, all of which can be changed quickly. The optics are far superior to commercially available scopes. The "Normal" resolution of the finest Euro scopes tend to be at 44-46 line pairs / mm, these optics are usually over 100 line pairs / mm! Usually 2-2 1/2 times better resolution, corrected for color and system abherrations, etc. Ground within .000002" centrex (2-millionths of centrex), and the tube bodies are much (extremely) superior to other commercially provided scopes. The Military style knobs are "ball-bearing" driven into stainless steel collets, which are designed from usual 1/4 min clicks all the way down to 1/50th min clicks, and are sealed from water and dirt/dust intrusion. They adjust for diopter (+2 to -2), and the optical system is so fine that when you adjust the adjustable objective on a target, and it is in extremely fine focus, it can act as an optical "range-finder" because the AO is very accurate. The models include: (1) the SN-1 , a fixed power with AO, of 6X, 10X, 16X, 24X, and 32X models. Very rugged tube, very high quality optics (as described above), the lenses start at 58mm objectives, and optionally can be provided in 72mm, and 88mm, and now a new one of 100mm size (the optical light gathering characteristics are phenomenal!). Options include such things as optical glass bezel protection lens, screw on lens caps, mirage tubes of 4" increments that can screw together to make up modular system lengths, and lit reticle capability. The next and one of the most popular series for distance snipers is the SN-2 & SN-3's, which are variable power scopes. Again starting with 58mm obj lens, and 72 & 88mm available, and now with (a) 3.2-17 power, (b) 3.5 - 22 power, and (c) 6.0 - 30 power scopes. By the way, the tube sizes are also able to be increased, the smallest on both the SN-1's, SN-2's, and SN-3's are 30mm, and optionally go up to 35mm, 40mm, 45mm, and 50mm variations, where the erector tube optics also grow in size as do the tube sizes, ie. much better light gathering capacities and MOA adjustments which can go to 300 MOA in incremental adjustments. The variable scopes are extremely bright and crisp, and also have the diopter and AO adjustments as the SN-1. These are large scopes, and do have some weight to them, after all, good optical glass does weigh something! Another series of importance is the SN-4 scope, which has recently been adopted by the U.S. Army rifle team, and is a Variable power of 1-4 power. It is a 35mm tube, reduced to 30mm where the rings attach, with a larger turret for system options, such as lit reticle, the changeability of reticles and BDC's. This is a Front focal plane reticle, which means when you change from 1 to 4 power, the reticle changes from a 12 min. circle "Fast Target Acquisition" reticle type to a accurate target dot capable of fine accuracy out to 500 meters (BDC equates also to 500 meters, for the .223 or .308 cal's). This scope lends itself to the M-16, AR-15 or AR-10, SR-25, or HK-91 (SR9 series) firearms. (include the CAR-series also). It is a smaller, more compact scope, with the finest optical lenses available in the world! Several other styles are available in scopes, including "Long Distance" scopes being developed expressly for the .50 Cal up to the 20mm guns (24,30,plus power ranges), also with carbon technology tubes, etc. Lets talk about optical lenses, and why these are so great! U.S. Optics purchases optical quality glass just like everyone else. Thats where the simularity stops. They proceed to process the glass out to another whole expensive level: they reheat and re-anneal the glass under pressure one more time, which drives out more optical impurities and "straiae", including water, etc, out of the glass. This improves the optical qualities one huge level above the other glass (like the Europeans; including Zeiss, Swarovski, Hensoldt, Kahles, Leitz, etc.) Again, they bring the optical qualities up to a new standard, one which the gov't could pay for, and represented a huge step forward with optical clarity, resolution, color, and less inherent abherrations, which = a "Stand Alone" quality never realized in the scope marketplace! U.S. Optics also produces TACTICAL MOUNTS, including BASES, RINGS, in varying styles. The "SCREW-LOCK" rings are the strongest and finest made in the marketplace for Tactical and Sniper quality ringsets. They are made in 30mm and larger sizes (to fit the 35mm,40mm,45mm, and 50mm tubes). They are machined w/in .002 tolerances, and there is never a need to "Hone" these as they are meticulously machined for exacting fit! They are designed to be mounted onto the Picatinney style or "Weaver" style military base. Also made by U.S. Optics, the bases are machined to .002" tolerances, and fit together with the rings like fine machinery! They also manufacture a "Quick Release" mount called the "Lever Lock", a fantastic design that returns to absolute zero when remounting the scope. Also a "posi-lock" mount for the flat top M-16, AR-15,CAR-15,SR-25 application which allows you to reposition the scope for differing eye-relief distance, remove the scope, or swing it out of the way. For information on optics by U.S. Optics, their distributor for U.S. is Precision & Tactical Arms, 250 W. Crest St., suite D, Escondido, CA. 92025. You can reach them at (619) 489-1212, or e-mail at JFergu8740 on AOL. Look for upcoming Web Page soon, we'll link to some good stuff including this we hope! Also, Robar Sniper rifles, from the SR-60, SR-75, SR-90, all the way up to the 50 Cal BMG. All guaranteed better than 1/2 MOA, McMillan Stocks, Stainless Steel Match grade barrels (Schneider, Lilje, Hart), built on the bullet proof Rem 700 actions in all calibers, with the famous Robar coatings (NP3 and Roguard coatings), (note: the 50 cal uses K&P Precision barrels, and can be fluted, etc). Also available, is the M-14 magazine conversion by Robar, one of the few that work great! Fully adjustable stocks, Baker, A-2's, M-24 and M-40 rifles, etc. Send for catalogs, get both Robar and U.S. Optics for $5.00, great "Library" browsing! Thanks...JRF 


From: MADDOG
Date: 25. May 96 18:17
TO ERIK SHARROCK: Erik I dont have any knowledge of that scope, but for the same price you could get a Redfield Ultimate Illuminator scope. It is 4-12x with a 56mm. objective and 30mm. tube very good glass for the money, very tuff scope I love mine. I doubt anyone here would suggest a Tasco over the top of the line Redfield, and its USA made with a rock solid warranty. Hope this helps you out, Good Luck.... 


From: Greg <gxk115@email.psu.edu>
Date: 25. May 96 20:12
Darkman I had used to graphite lube in the past. It did inprove my groups with Rem match in the past. which allowed me to get excellent group size from the start with out any fouling shots. When I used the stuff on Fedreal 168 bthp match I got a larger group size buy about an inch than if I just kept the barrel clean form the start. Meaning no oil or cleaning solvents. Note the graphite spray I had used is applied to the barrel and not to the rounds as you load them 


From: Don Bain
Date: 26. May 96 14:31
Jay: I was looking for my reference materials on the law of war and I came accross this piece by the inimitatable W. Hays Parks on the subject. I think it may address your question, so I have posted it here - Subject, of course, to the fair use provisions of 17 U.S.C. and the applicable copyright law. My apologies to all (especially overseas readers like Marius) for putting so much text (hopefully only once) into the log. If the Article Log only worked. . .

Department of the Army Pamphlet 27-50-174

*4 TEACHING THE LAW OF WAR

W. Hays PARKS [FNa] Chief, International Law Branch, International Affairs Division, OTJAG

Opinions and conclusions in articles published in The Army Lawyer are solely those of the authors. They do not necessarily reflect the views of The Judge Advocate General, the Department of the Army, or any other government agency.

Ethics and morality have been in the news of late, [FN1] and it is difficult to resist the temptation to discuss some of the current issues and their potential application to the military. Similarly, as a lawyer, there are any number of topics I would like to explore with you--such as defining the moral and legal concept of proportionality--that must await another time and place. The opportunity to participate in this important conference was afforded me by the following paragraph in this year's Call for Papers: One of our members has expressed concern about a recently published view that little or no instruction is provided in any of the services on the law of war. . . . If any of our members is able to provide an empirically-based paper on the present state of teaching the law of war, that would be an important contribution. Given that the armed forces of the United States enjoy an international reputation for having one of the best law of war programs; that military officers from other nations annually examine the U.S. military law of war program with a hope for replicating it within their armed forces; and that U.S. military personnel traditionally exercise leadership at international conferences on law of war training because of their considerable experience, I must express concern regarding the critic's sources, knowledge of the program as it exists today, and his possible motives. The facts recently reported to the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) are clearly to the contrary. [FN2] In elaborating on the report to the ICRC, I intend to address the traditional who, what, where, when, why, and how of law of war training in the United States military, as it directly pertains to the toplic selected for JSCOPE IX. My emphasis on the law of war programs of the Army and Marine Corps is not intended to slight the excellent programs of the Navy and Air Force, but rather to focus on those programs with which I have the greatest experience. The law of war [FN3] as we know it today probably had its origins in the post-World War II trials of Germany and Japanese war criminals. While substantial elements of the modern law of war existed prior to World War II, the massive suffering of total war provided the impetus for clarification and codification of the law. The war crimes trials at Nuremberg, Tokyo, and other sites established clearly the individual criminal responsibility of military men who violate the law of war. The four 1949 Geneva Conventions for the Protection of War Victims [FN4] expanded the codified law of war beyond protection just for wounded and captured soldiers to military personnel wounded or shipwrecked at sea, and to certain segments of the civilian population. Ethics, morality, and the law often are described as strange bedfellows, perhaps incongruous if not contradictory; some also suggest that 'law of war' is a contradiction in terms. I disagree with both propositions. Nuremberg was based on ethical standards transposed to positive legal norms; the tribunals frequently used 'moral,' 'ethical,' and 'legal' interchangeably, although there are distinctions. The law of war is the vehicle by which nations have taken ethical concepts and applied them in concrete terms in the most demanding environment--mortal combat. Much of the law of war is based on the Just War tradition. Some parts remain elusive of definition or codification, while other parts have been expressly rejected. Thus there remains no agreed international definition for the concept of proportionality, while the four 1949 Geneva Conventions require application of their terms regardless of the justness of one's cause. [FN5] The law of war reflects an attempt by nations to establish certain minimum standards of conduct by parties to armed *5 conflict that will ameliorate the suffering of the innocent. As with all law, it is highly dependent on good faith by all concerned; at its best, it will not prevent all suffering. As Clausewitz warned, there is no way that war can be made 'nice.' [FN6] We have learned at considerable expense that when a nation endeavors to make war 'nice,' or accepts limitations on the use of force beyond those required by law of war treaties, it does so at its peril. A less-moral nation will take advantage of its opponent's constraint, often to the detriment of the civilian population in the battle zone (as well as the military of the nation fighting with restraint). We were made painfully aware of this in the Vietnam War. [FN7] At the same time, failure to have a viable law of war program can be seen as a direct cause of incidents such as the My Lai massacre. [FN8] After the Vietnam War, the U.S. military revised its law of war program. A Department of Defense (DOD) directive was promulgated, which provides that each individual will receive law of war training 'commensurate with his or her duties and responsibilities.' [FN9] This program is based on our treaty obligations [FN10] and the constitutional premise that these treaties are part of the law of the land. [FN11] Each member of the United States military takes an oath upon entering the armed forces to discharge his or her duties in accordance with the laws of the United States, including the law of war. But no program can survive simply because 'it's the law,' and the Vietnam-era law of war programs suffered demonstrably because they endeavored to stand solely on the basis that certain conduct was expected on the battlefield 'because the law says so.' In 1968, the Chief of Staff of the Army wrote the Commander, Military Assistance Command, Vietnam (MACV), noting his displeasure regarding recurring reports of mistreatment of prisoners of war. In response, the deputy commander. MACV, suggested that one reason was that judge advocate- taught instruction in the law of war 'has tended to be abstract and academic, rather than concrete and practical.' [FN12] Today's law of war programs emphasize the military and political reasons for respect for the law of war. Four basic assumptions form the foundation for the U.S. military program: discipline in combat is essential; violations of the law of war detract from a commander's accomplishment of his mission; violations of the law of war frequently lead to a loss of public support (domestic and international) for the war effort; and violations of the law of war may arouse an enemy to greater resistance, leading to increased friendly casualties. Similarly, the law of war is viewed as one of a number of control measures used by the battlefield commander to assist him in the efficient employment of his forces. [FN13] In comparing the definition of the law of war concept of military necessity, which authorizes 'such destruction, and only such destruction, as is necessary, relevant, and proportionate to the prompt realization of legitimate military *6 objectives,' [FN14] to a definition of the principle of war of economy of force, [FN15] their common goal is clear: the efficient, discriminate use of force against legitimate targets. Each also coincides with the less-specific concepts of Just War and/or contemporary military ethics. Each military service has developed its law of war training program in accordance with its mission, and the realities of training time, of which there is never enough for the myriad demands upon a unit's or individual's time. The previously-stated DOD standard ('commensurate with . . . duties and responsibilities') is one of relevancy. A sailor 'shoveling steam' in the engine room of a ship needs to know far less of the law of war than a rifleman of equivalent grade in the Army or Marine Corps; that rifleman needs to know far less than his battalion commander; a division or wing commander can look to his special staff (including his staff judge advocate) for expertise on law of war matters. In the competition for training time, law of war training is not keyed to nice to know, but to need to know in order to meet the DOD standard. The Marine Corps Law of War Program establishes three levels of training. The Army also recognizes these and gears training to them. Level A. The minimum level of understanding of the law of war required of all Marines and soldiers to be received principally during accession training. Level B. The levels of understanding necessary for personnel whose military specialty or assignment involves tactical planning or direct confrontation with the enemy, commensurate with their grade and responsibility. Level C. The level of understanding necessary for judge advocates whose military assignment entails advisory responsibility to tactical commands. At the lowest level, every individual entering the Marine Corps and the Army (enlisted and officer) receives instruction on the law of war. The Marine Corps' instruction centers on nine basic principles. [FN16] There is a draft program moving towards adoption of these principles in the Army as well. The principles are: 1. Fight only enemy combatants. 2. Do not harm enemy soldiers who surrender. Disarm them and turn them over to your superior. 3. Do not kill or torture prisoners. 4. Collect and care for the wounded, whether friend or foe. 5. Do not attack medical personnel, facilities, or equipment. 6. Destroy no more than the mission requires. 7. Treat all civilians humanely. 8. Do not steal. Respect private property and possessions. 9. Do your best to prevent violation of the law of war. Report all violations of the law of war to your superior. There are sound military reasons behind each of these principles in addition to any moral or legal obligation and, like it or not, there is greater likelihood for respect for these principles if they are explained in military terms rather than solely from a moral or legal standpoint. For example, in instructing the individual soldier of Marine not to kill or torture prisoners of war, recognition of their intelligence potential carries greater weight than moral or legal values, which often are viewed as abstract and of questionable relevancy in the heat of battle. (It must be emphasized that tactical rationale is being used to support legal principles; our service men and women are taught that these principles are absolute and may not be waived when convenient.) Similarly, a lack of humane treatment may induce an enemy to fight to the death rather than surrender, thereby leading to increased friendly casualties. The instruction is candid, however, in admitting that humane treatment of enemy prisoners of war will not guarantee equal treatment for our captured servicemen, as we learned in World War II, Korea, and Vietnam; but it is emphasized that inhumane treatment will most assuredly lead to equivalent actions by the enemy. [FN17]